19th-century German philosopher Karl Marx, the founder and primary theorist of Marxism, viewed religion as "the soul of soulless conditions" or the "opium of the people".According to Karl Marx, religion in this world of exploitation is an expression of distress and at the same time it is also a protest against the real distress.

Judaism, the oldest Abrahamic religion, is based on a strict, exclusive monotheism, finding its origins in the sole veneration of Yahweh, the predecessor to the Abrahamic conception of God. This is referred to in the Torah: "Hear O Israel: the LORD is our God, the LORD is One" (Deuteronomy 6:4). The medieval Jewish philosopher and legal authority Moses Maimonides …

A religion is a set of beliefs that is passionately held by a group of people that is reflected in a world view and in expected beliefs and actions (which are often ritualized).. There are many different religions, each with a different set of beliefs. The beliefs are about the world and the people in it, about how they came into being, and what their purpose is.