A true fjord is formed when a glacier cuts a U-shaped valley by ice segregation and abrasionof the surrounding bedrock. According to the standard model, glaciers formed in pre-glacial valleys with a gently sloping valley floor. The

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Hydrology
During the winter season there is usually little inflow of freshwater. Surface water and deeper water (down to 100 m or 330 ft or more) are mixed during

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The word fjord is borrowed from Norwegian, where it is pronounced [ˈfjuːr], [ˈfjøːr], [ˈfjuːɽ] or [ˈfjøːɽ] in various dialects and has a more general meaning, referring in many cases to any long, narrow body of water, inlet or channel (for example, see Oslofjord)

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Some Norwegian freshwater lakes that have formed in long glacially carved valleys with sill thresholds, ice front deltas or terminal morainesblocking the outlet follow the Norwegian naming convention; they are frequently named fjords. Ice front deltas developed when the

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The principal mountainous regions where fjords have formed are in the higher middle latitudesand the high latitudes reaching to 80°N (Svalbard, Greenland), where, during the glacial period, many

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• Firth
• Förden and East Jutland Fjorde
• Fjard
• Ria

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The differences in usage between the English and the Scandinavian languageshave contributed to confusion in the use of the term fjord. Bodies of

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