Irish orthography is very etymological which can allow the same written form to result in multiple dialectal pronunciations and remain regular, e.g. ceann ("head") may result in [cɑun̪ˠ], [cɑːn̪ˠ], [can̪ˠ]. A spelling reform in the mid-20th … See more

Sequences of vowels are common in Irish spelling due to the "caol le caol agus leathan le leathan" ("slender with slender and broad with … See more

Irish currently uses one diacritic, the acute accent, and traditionally a second, the overdot. Irish preserves diacritics in uppercase forms and if diacritics are unavailable, e.g. on … See more

Capitalisation rules are similar to English. However, a prefixed letter remains in lowercase when the base initial is capitalised (an tSín … See more

In verb forms, some letters and letter combinations are pronounced differently from elsewhere.
In the imperfect, conditional, and imperative, -⟨dh⟩ is pronounced … See more

Generally, the use of punctuation marks is similar to English. An exception worth noting is the Tironian et (⟨⁊⟩; Irish: agus) which generally abbreviates the word agus "and", like the See more

Most Irish abbreviations in are straightforward, e.g. leathanach → lch. ("page → p.") and mar shampla → m.sh. ("exempli gratia (for example) → e.g."), but two that require … See more