Casimir II the Just (Polish: Kazimierz II Sprawiedliwy; 28 October 1138 – 5 May 1194) was a Lesser Polish Duke of Wiślica from 1166–1173, and of Sandomierz after 1173. He became ruler over the Polish Seniorate Province at Kraków and thereby High Duke of Poland in 1177; a position he held until his death, though interrupted once by his elder brother and predecessor Mieszko …

Polen (polsk Polska), offisielt Republikken Polen (polsk Rzeczpospolita Polska) er et land i Sentral-Europa, og grenser i vest mot Tyskland, i sør mot Tsjekkia og Slovakia, i øst mot Ukraina og Belarus, og i nord mot Østersjøen, Litauen og Russland (i form av Kaliningrad-enklaven).Polen deler også sjøgrenser med Danmark og Sverige.Med et areal på 312 696 km² …

Polen (polska: Polska) formellt Republiken Polen (polska: Rzeczpospolita Polska), är en republik i Centraleuropa.Polen gränsar till Tyskland i väst, Tjeckien och Slovakien i söder, Ukraina och Belarus i öst samt Litauen och Ryssland (Kaliningrad oblast) i norr.Landet har även maritim gräns i Östersjön i norr mot danska Bornholm och Sverige.Polens maritima territorialanspråk är 12 ...

Władysław IV Vasa or Ladislaus IV of Poland (9 June 1595 – 20 May 1648) was King of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania and claimant of the thrones of Sweden and Russia.Władysław IV was the eldest son of Sigismund III Vasa and Sigismund's first wife, Anna of Austria.. Born into the House of Vasa, Władysław was elected Tsar of Russia by the Seven Boyars in 1610 when the Polish …

Casimir IV (in full Casimir IV Andrew Jagiellon; Polish: Kazimierz IV Andrzej Jagiellończyk [kaˈʑimjɛʂ jaɡʲɛˈl(l)ɔjntʂɨk] (); Lithuanian: Kazimieras Jogailaitis; 30 November 1427 – 7 June 1492) was Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1440 and King of Poland from 1447, until his death. He was one of the most active Polish-Lithuanian rulers, under whom Poland, by defeating the Teutonic ...

Augustus III (Polish: August III Sas, Lithuanian: Augustas III; 17 October 1696 – 5 October 1763) was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1733 until 1763, as well as Elector of Saxony in the Holy Roman Empire where he was known as Frederick Augustus II (German: Friedrich August II).. He was the only legitimate son of Augustus II the Strong, and converted …

Kraków (Polish: ()), or Cracow, is the second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland.Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city dates back to the seventh century. Kraków was the official capital of Poland until 1596 and has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, economic, cultural and artistic life.

L'histoire de la Pologne commence véritablement au X e siècle, sous le règne de Mieszko I er, duc des Polanes (de la dynastie Piast), qui convertit la Pologne naissante au christianisme en 966, puis, par le couronnement de son fils Boleslas I er le Vaillant, le premier roi de Pologne, sacré en 1025.La Pologne devient rapidement au Moyen Âge une puissance régionale, tout …

Leszek the White (Polish: Leszek Biały; c. 1184/85 – 24 November 1227) was Prince of Sandomierz and High Duke of Poland in the years 1194–1198, 1199, 1206–1210, and 1211–1227. During the early stages of his reign, his uncle Duke Mieszko III the Old and cousin Władysław III Spindleshanks, from the Greater Polish branch of the royal Piast dynasty, contested Leszek's …

Jadwiga (Polish: [jaˈdvʲiɡa] (); 1373 or 1374 – 17 July 1399), also known as Hedwig (Hungarian: Hedvig), was the first woman to be crowned as monarch of the Kingdom of Poland.She reigned from 16 October 1384 until her death. She was the youngest daughter of Louis the Great, King of Hungary and Poland, and his wife, Elizabeth of Bosnia.Jadwiga was a member of the Capetian …