Nafplio ( Greek: Ναύπλιο, Nauplio or Nauplion in Italian and other Western European languages) is a seaport town in the Peloponnese in Greece that has expanded up the hillsides near the north end of the Argolic Gulf. The town was an important seaport held under a succession of royal houses in the Middle Ages as part...

During the Greek War of Independence, Nafplio was a major Ottoman stronghold and was besieged for more than a year. The town finally surrendered on account of forced starvation. After its capture, because of its strong fortifications, it became the seat of the provisional government of Greece .

The Venetians retook Nafplio in 1685 and made it the capital of their " Kingdom of the Morea ". The city was strengthened by building the castle of Palamidi, which was in fact the last major construction of the Venetian empire overseas.