Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a sudden inflammation of the pancreas.Causes in order of frequency include: 1) a gallstone impacted in the common bile duct beyond the point where the pancreatic duct joins it; 2) heavy alcohol use; 3) systemic disease; 4) trauma; 5) and, in minors, mumps.Acute pancreatitis may be a single event; it may be recurrent; or it may progress to …

Structure. The gallbladder is a hollow organ that sits in a shallow depression below the right lobe of the liver, which is grey-blue in life. In adults, the gallbladder measures approximately 7 to 10 centimetres (2.8 to 3.9 inches) in length and 4 centimetres (1.6 in) in diameter when fully distended. The gallbladder has a capacity of about 50 millilitres (1.8 imperial fluid ounces).

Pancreatic cancer arises when cells in the pancreas, a glandular organ behind the stomach, begin to multiply out of control and form a mass.These cancerous cells have the ability to invade other parts of the body. A number of types of pancreatic cancer are known. The most common, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, accounts for about 90% of cases, and the term "pancreatic …

Insulinoma; Pathology of pancreatic endocrine tumour (insulinoma). Specialty: An insulinoma is a tumour of the pancreas that is derived from beta cells and secretes insulin.It is a rare form of a neuroendocrine tumour.Most insulinomas are benign in that they grow exclusively at their origin within the pancreas, but a minority metastasize.Insulinomas are one of the functional …

The 2022 Well Gift Guide. Looking for the perfect present? We’ve got 28 ways to keep your loved ones healthy and happy. By The Well Desk and Tony Cenicola/the New York Times

An air embolism, also known as a gas embolism, is a blood vessel blockage caused by one or more bubbles of air or other gas in the circulatory system. Air can be introduced into the circulation during surgical procedures, lung over-expansion injury, decompression, and a few other causes.Air embolisms may also occur in the xylem of vascular plants, especially when …

The oral cavity is part of the gastrointestinal system and as such the presence of alterations in this district can be the first sign of both systemic and gastrointestinal diseases. By far the most common oral conditions are plaque-induced diseases (e.g., gingivitis, periodontitis, dental caries).Oral symptoms can be similar to lesions occurring elsewhere in the digestive tract, with …

Treatment. Some authors feel that all hepatocellular adenoma should be resected, because of the risk of rupture causing bleeding and because they may contain malignant cells. Current recommendations are that all hepatic adenomas should be resected, as long as they are surgically accessible and the patient is a reasonable operative candidate. Patients with …

Deoxyribonucleic acid (/ d iː ˈ ɒ k s ɪ ˌ r aɪ b oʊ nj uː ˌ k l iː ɪ k,-ˌ k l eɪ-/ (); DNA) is a polymer composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix.The polymer carries genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth and reproduction of all known organisms and many viruses.DNA and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are nucleic acids.

In medicine, gonadal vein refers to the blood vessel that carries blood away from the gonad (testis, ovary) toward the heart.These are different arteries in women (ovarian vein) and men (testicular vein), but share the same embryological origin.. The termination of the two gonadal veins in an individual is usually asymmetrical, with the left one draining into the left renal vein, …