The ancient oppidum that corresponds to the modern city of Paris was first mentioned in the mid-1st century BC by Julius Caesar as Luteciam Parisiorum ('Lutetia of the Parisii'), and is later attested as Parision in the 5th

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Origins
The Parisii, a sub-tribe of the Celtic Senones, inhabited the Paris area from around the middle of the 3rd century BC. One of the area's major north–south trade routes crossed the Seine on the île de la Cité; this meeting place of land and

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Location
Paris is located in northern central France, in a north-bending arc of the river Seine whose crest includes two

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Urbanism and architecture
Most French rulers since the Middle Ages made a point of leaving their mark on a city that, contrary to many other of the world's capitals, has never

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The official estimated population of the City of Paris was 2,206,488 as of 1 January 2019 , according to the INSEE, the official French statistical

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The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has had its headquarters in Paris since November 1958. Paris is also the home of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD). Paris hosts the headquarters of

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City government
For almost all of its long history, except for a few brief periods, Paris was governed directly by representatives

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