The Wars of the Roses, known at the time and for more than a century after as the Civil Wars, were a series of civil wars fought over control of the English throne in the mid-to-late fifteenth century, fought between supporters of two rival cadet branches of the royal House of Plantagenet: Lancaster and York.The wars extinguished the male lines of the two dynasties, leading to the …

Édouard III d'Angleterre, né le 13 novembre 1312 au château de Windsor et mort le 21 juin 1377 au palais de Sheen (Richmond upon Thames, Surrey [1]), est roi d'Angleterre et seigneur d'Irlande du 25 janvier 1327 à sa mort. Il est également duc d'Aquitaine à compter du 10 septembre 1325, avant de céder ce titre à son fils aîné, Édouard, en 1362.

The House of Braganza originated with Afonso I, an illegitimate son of King John I of Portugal, founder of the House of Aviz, and Inês Pires. Though Afonso was illegitimate, his father valued and cared for him a great deal, demonstrated by his arrangement of Afonso's marriage to Beatriz Pereira de Alvim, daughter of Nuno Álvares Pereira, Portugal's most important general and a …

Voetbal is een nationale sport in Nederland.In 1865 werd de eerste wedstrijd georganiseerd en tien jaar later werd de eerste echte club opgericht. Het veldvoetbal bij de mannen is het populairst in Nederland, maar sinds 2007 is er ook een eredivisie voor vrouwen.Verder zijn er ook twee eredivisies voor futsal (zaalvoetbal).De nationale voetbalbond, nu bekend als de KNVB, werd …

In radiometry, irradiance is the radiant flux received by a surface per unit area. The SI unit of irradiance is the watt per square metre (W⋅m −2).The CGS unit erg per square centimetre per second (erg⋅cm −2 ⋅s −1) is often used in astronomy.Irradiance is often called intensity, but this term is avoided in radiometry where such usage leads to confusion with radiant intensity.

The Muqaddimah, also known as the Muqaddimah of Ibn Khaldun (Arabic: مقدّمة ابن خلدون) or Ibn Khaldun's Prolegomena (Ancient Greek: Προλεγόμενα), is a book written by the Arab historian Ibn Khaldun in 1377 which records an early view of universal history.Some modern thinkers view it as the first work dealing with the social sciences of sociology, demography, and ...

Ryszard II (ur.6 stycznia 1367 w Bordeaux, zm. 14 lutego 1400 w Pontefract) – młodszy syn Edwarda Czarnego Księcia, księcia Walii, syna króla Edwarda III, i Joanny z Kentu.Król Anglii od 22 czerwca 1377 do 29 września 1399.Urodził się w czasach, gdy jego ojciec był księciem Akwitanii.Po rychłej śmierci starszego brata Edwarda, który zmarł w wieku 6 lat, i śmierci ojca …

John Wycliffe (/ ˈ w ɪ k l ɪ f /; also spelled Wyclif, Wickliffe, and other variants; c. 1328 – 31 December 1384) was an English scholastic philosopher, theologian, biblical translator, reformer, Catholic priest, and a seminary professor at the University of Oxford.He became an influential dissident within the Catholic priesthood during the 14th century and is considered an important ...

Type 2 diabetes, formerly known as adult-onset diabetes, is a form of diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. Common symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, and unexplained weight loss. Symptoms may also include increased hunger, feeling tired, and sores that do not heal.

Events Pre-1600. 192 – Dong Zhuo is assassinated by his adopted son Lü Bu.; 760 – Fourteenth recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet.; 853 – A Byzantine fleet sacks and destroys undefended Damietta in Egypt.; 1176 – The Hashshashin attempt to assassinate Saladin near Aleppo.; 1200 – King John of England and King Philip II of France sign the Treaty of Le Goulet.