In probability theory, the expected value (also called expectation, expectancy, mathematical expectation, mean, average, or first moment) is a generalization of the weighted average.Informally, the expected value is the arithmetic mean of a large number of independently selected outcomes of a random variable.. The expected value of a random variable with a finite …

The Deluge (Polish: potop szwedzki, Lithuanian: švedų tvanas) was a series of mid-17th-century campaigns in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.In a wider sense it applies to the period between the Khmelnytsky Uprising of 1648 and the Truce of Andrusovo in 1667, thus comprising the Polish theatres of the Russo-Polish and Second Northern Wars. In a stricter sense, the term …

Events Pre-1600. 1303 – The Sapienza University of Rome is instituted by a bull of Pope Boniface VIII.; 1601–1900. 1653 – Oliver Cromwell dissolves England's Rump Parliament.; 1657 – English Admiral Robert Blake destroys a Spanish silver fleet, under heavy fire from the shore, at the Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife.; 1657 – Freedom of religion is granted to the Jews of New …

John is a common English name and surname: . John (given name) John (surname) John may also refer to: . New Testament Works. Johannine literature. Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John; Johannine epistles. First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John; Second Epistle of John, often shortened to 2 John; Third Epistle of John, often shortened to 3 John; Book of …

(13 juillet 1608 - 2 avril 1657) (III. Ferdinánd) 15 février 1637: 2 avril 1657: Fils de Ferdinand II. Il règne conjointement avec son fils Ferdinand IV à partir de 1647 jusqu'à ce qu'il décède en 1654. Ferdinand IV (8 septembre 1633 - 5 mai 1654) (IV. Ferdinánd) 16 juin 1647: 9 juillet 1654

The history of Austria covers the history of Austria and its predecessor states, from the Early Stone Age to the present state. The name Ostarrîchi (Austria) has been in use since 996 AD when it was a margravate of the Duchy of Bavaria and from 1156 an independent duchy (later archduchy) of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation (Heiliges Römisches Reich …

Juan Pablo Varillas Patiño-Samudio (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈxwam ˈpaβlo βaˈɾiʝas]; born 6 October 1995) is a Peruvian tennis player.. Varillas has a career high ATP singles ranking of No. 104 achieved on 2 May 2022. He is currently the No. 1 Peruvian tennis player in the singles rankings. Varillas has won 4 ATP Challenger and 5 ITF singles titles. He also has a career high …

Circa (del latín, circa, ‘alrededor de’), [1] abreviado como c. o ca., significa «hacia» o «alrededor de». [2] Se usa en la bibliografía científica para expresar que, aunque se carece de la certeza necesaria para proporcionar un valor único, existen otros datos fehacientes que permiten asegurar que el hecho o dato que se comunica en el texto se produjo en un momento —o tuvo …

Philip Prospero, Prince of Asturias (Felipe Próspero José Francisco Domingo Ignacio Antonio Buenaventura Diego Miguel Luis Alfonso Isidro Ramón Víctor; 28 November 1657 – 1 November 1661) was the first son of Philip IV of Spain and Mariana of Austria to survive infancy. Philip IV had no male heir since the death of Balthasar Charles, his son by his first wife, Elisabeth of …

Otto von Guericke (/ ˈ ɡ ɛər ɪ k ə / GAIR-ik-ə, US also / ˈ ɡ w ɛər-,-k i / GWAIR-, -⁠kee, German: [ˈɔtoː fɔn ˈɡeːʁɪkə]; spelled Gericke until 1666; November 20, 1602 – May 11, 1686 [Julian calendar]; November 30, 1602 – May 21, 1686 [Gregorian calendar]) was a German scientist, inventor, and politician.His pioneering scientific work, the development of experimental ...

William Harvey (1 April 1578 – 3 June 1657) was an English physician who made influential contributions in anatomy and physiology. He was the first known physician to describe completely, and in detail, the systemic circulation and properties of blood being pumped to the brain and the rest of the body by the heart, though earlier writers, such as Realdo Colombo, …

Potop szwedzki, wojna polsko-szwedzka (1655–1660), VI wojna polsko-szwedzka – najazd Szwecji na Rzeczpospolitą w latach 1655–1660 będący jedną z odsłon II wojny północnej.Formalnie zakończył go pokój w Oliwie zawarty w 1660. Wojna ze Szwedami toczyła się równolegle z wojną polsko-rosyjską 1654–1667.. Potop szwedzki był jedną z odsłon wojen …

Traktaty welawsko-bydgoskie – dwa traktaty z 1657, których głównym postanowieniem było zerwanie zależności lennych pomiędzy Rzeczpospolitą a Prusami Książęcymi i uzyskanie suwerenności dynastii Hohenzollernów na tym terytorium. Polska utraciła wpływ na politykę Prus i oddała im w lenno ziemię lęborsko-bytowską.. Na mocy traktatu, uzgodnionego ostatecznie 19 …