Maria Alexandrovna (Russian: Мария Александровна), born Princess Marie of Hesse and by Rhine (8 August 1824 – 3 June 1880), was Empress of Russia as the first wife and political adviser of Emperor Alexander II.She was one of the founders of the Russian Red Cross.. The legal daughter of Grand Duke Ludwig II of Hesse and Princess Wilhelmine of Baden, …

Life. Tyutchev was born into a Russian noble family in the Ovstug family estate near Bryansk (modern-day Zhukovsky District, Bryansk Oblast of Russia).His father Ivan Nikolaevich Tyutchev (1768—1846) was a court councillor who served in the Kremlin Expedition that managed all building and restoration works of Moscow palaces. One of Ivan's sister Evdokia …

22 de septiembre: Robert Luther descubre el asteroide (57) Mnemosyne.; 24 de noviembre: en Reino Unido se publica El origen de las especies —título original en inglés: On the Origin of Species— de Charles Darwin, considerado uno de los trabajos precursores de la literatura científica y el fundamento de la teoría de la biología evolutiva.; 1859: evento Carrington.

Ivan Aksakov, homme de lettres russe fondateur du mouvement slavophile (° 8 octobre 1823). Adolphe Assi, ouvrier mécanicien et homme politique français (° 28 avril 1841). Samuel Kleinschmidt, missionnaire et linguiste allemand (° 27 février 1814). 1890 : Giuseppe Pecci, cardinal italien (° 15 décembre 1807).