WebPlebiscyt na Górnym Śląsku (niem. Volksabstimmung in Oberschlesien) – jeden z dwóch plebiscytów dotyczących etnicznego pogranicza polsko-niemieckiego, które wyznaczono w 1919 r. w wersalskim traktacie pokojowym, kończącym I wojnę światową.Plebiscyt został przeprowadzony 20 marca 1921r. i poprzedzony był dwoma powstaniami części ludności …

WebSilesian Voivodeship, or Silesia Province (Polish: województwo śląskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ ˈɕlɔ̃skʲɛ]) is a voivodeship, or province, in southern Poland, centered on the historic region known as Upper Silesia (Górny Śląsk), with Katowice serving as its capital.. Despite the Silesian Voivodeship's name, most of the historic Silesia region lies outside the present …

WebThe Czech Republic's official formal and short names at the United Nations are Česká republika and Česko in Czech, and the Czech Republic and Czechia in English. All these names derive from the name of the Czechs, the West Slavic ethnolinguistic group native to the Czech lands. Czechia (/ ˈ tʃ ɛ k i ə /), the official English short name specified by the …

WebPolish railways administration finally took over the railways in Upper Silesia in 1922. That same year, a decision was made to divide railways in Poland into nine administrative districts. An economic crisis in the 1930s forced the state to cut back its budget for railway investment. Profit decreased by 50% compared to 1929.

WebThe Limes Germanicus (Latin for Germanic frontier) is the name given in modern times to a line of frontier fortifications that bounded the ancient Roman provinces of Germania Inferior, Germania Superior and Raetia, dividing the Roman Empire and the unsubdued Germanic tribes from the years 83 to about 260 AD. The Limes used either a natural boundary such …

WebKatowice (UK: / ˌ k æ t ə ˈ v iː t s ə / KAT-ə-VEET-sə, US: / ˌ k ɑː t-/ KAHT-, Polish: [katɔˈvitsɛ] (); Silesian: Katowicy; German: Kattowitz) is the capital city of the Silesian Voivodeship in southern Poland and the central city of the Upper Silesian metropolitan area.It is the 11th most populous city in Poland, while its urban area is the most populous …

WebGliwice (Polish: [ɡliˈvit͡sɛ] (); German: Gleiwitz) is a city in Upper Silesia, in southern Poland.The city is located in the Silesian Highlands, on the Kłodnica river (a tributary of the Oder).It lies approximately 25 km west from Katowice, the regional capital of the Silesian Voivodeship.. It also lies within the larger Upper Silesian metropolitan area which has a …

WebCisleithania, officially The Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council, (German: Die im Reichsrat vertretenen Königreiche und Länder) was the northern and western part of Austria-Hungary, the Dual Monarchy created in the Compromise of 1867—as distinguished from Transleithania (i.e., the Hungarian Lands of the Crown of Saint …

WebPoland was ruled at various times either by dukes and princes (10th to 14th centuries) or by kings (11th to 18th centuries). During the latter period, a tradition of free election of monarchs made it a uniquely electable position in Europe (16th to 18th centuries).. The first known Polish ruler is Duke Mieszko I, who adopted Christianity under the authority of Rome in …

WebThe precursor to modern Polish is the Old Polish language.Ultimately, Polish descends from the unattested Proto-Slavic language. Polish was a lingua franca from 1500 to 1700 in Central and parts of Eastern Europe, because of the political, cultural, scientific and military influence of the former Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.. The Book of Henryków …

WebThe Gleiwitz incident (German: Überfall auf den Sender Gleiwitz; Polish: Prowokacja gliwicka) was a false flag attack on the radio station Sender Gleiwitz in Gleiwitz (then Germany and now Gliwice, Poland) staged by Nazi Germany on the night of 31 August 1939. Along with some two dozen similar incidents, the attack was manufactured by Germany …

WebOpole (Polish: (); German: Oppeln; Silesian: Ôpole) is a city located in southern Poland on the Oder River and the historical capital of Upper Silesia.With a population of approximately 127,387 as of the 31 03 2021 census, it is the capital of Opole Voivodeship (province) and the seat of Opole County.Its built-up (or metro area) was home to 146,522 inhabitants.

WebMoravia-Silesia, Czechoslovak Republic: Reichsgau Lower Danube: Bohemia, Czechoslovak Republic: Reichsgau Sudetenland: Moravia-Silesia, Czechoslovak Republic: Bohemia, Czechoslovak Republic: Reichsgau Upper Danube: 23 Mar 1939: Klaipėda Region, Republic of Lithuania: Gau East Prussia: 2 Sep 1939: Free City of Danzig

WebCarl Philipp Gottfried (or Gottlieb) von Clausewitz (German pronunciation: [ˌkaʁl fɔn ˈklaʊ̯zəvɪt͡s] (); 1 June 1780 – 16 November 1831) was a Prussian general and military theorist who stressed the "moral", in modern terms meaning psychological, and political aspects of waging war.His most notable work, Vom Kriege ("On War"), though unfinished …