Nur al-Din (Arabic: نور الدين, romanized: nūr ad-dīn) is a male Arabic given name, translating to "light of the religion", nūr meaning "light" and dīn meaning "religion". More recently, the name has also been used as a surname. There are many Romanized spelling variants of the name. The element نور can be spelled Nur, Noor, Nor, Nour or Nuer.

Spain in the 19th century was a country in turmoil. Occupied by Napoleon from 1808 to 1814, a massively destructive "liberation war" ensued.A constitution hallmark of Spanish liberalism was proclaimed in 1812. Spain was divided between the liberal ideas and the absolutism personified by the rule of Ferdinand VII, who repealed the 1812 Constitution for the first time in 1814, only …