1857 was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar, the 1857th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 857th year of the 2nd millennium, the 57th year of the 19th century, and the 8th year of the 1850s decade. As of the start of 1857, the Gregorian calendar was 12 …

The Chapel Royal of St Peter ad Vincula ("St Peter in chains") is the former parish church of the Tower of London.It is situated within the Tower's Inner Ward, and the current building dates from 1520, although the church was established several centuries earlier.It is a royal peculiar, under the jurisdiction of the monarch.The chapel's name refers to Saint Peter's imprisonment under …