WebQing dynasty coinage (traditional Chinese: 清朝貨幣; simplified Chinese: 清朝货币; pinyin: Qīngcháo Huòbì; Manchu: ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᠵᡳᡴᠠ; Möllendorff: Daicing jiha) was based on a bimetallic standard of copper and silver coinage. The Manchu-led Qing dynasty was established in 1636 and ruled over China proper from 1644 until it was overthrown by the Xinhai …

WebQing dynasty, 1644–1911. Yellow-glazed brush-holder, "Chen Guo Zhi" mark; Jingdezhen Daoguang period, (1821–50); Shanghai Museum. The lengthy civil wars marking the transition from Ming to Qing caused a breakdown in the Imperial kilns system, forcing the managers to find new markets. The Transitional porcelain of about 1620 to the 1680s saw ...

WebWu Sangui (Chinese: 吳三桂; pinyin: Wú Sānguì; Wade–Giles: Wu San-kuei; 8 June 1612 – 2 October 1678), courtesy name Changbai (長白) or Changbo (長伯), was a notorious Ming Dynasty military officer who played a key role in the fall of the Ming dynasty and the founding of the Qing dynasty in China. In Chinese folklore, Wu Sangui is regarded as …

WebHeshen (Manchu: ᡥᡝᡧᡝᠨ, Möllendorff: Hešen; Chinese: 和珅; pinyin: Héshēn; Wade–Giles: Ho 2-shen 1; 1 July 1750 – 22 February 1799) of the Manchu Niohuru clan, was an official of the Qing dynasty favored by the Qianlong Emperor and called the most corrupt official in Chinese history. After the death of Qianlong, the Jiaqing Emperor confiscated Heshen's …

WebThe imperial examination, or keju (Chinese: 科舉; lit. "subject recommendation") was a civil-service examination system in Imperial China, administered for the purpose of selecting candidates for the state bureaucracy.The concept of choosing bureaucrats by merit rather than by birth started early in Chinese history, but using written examinations as a tool of …

WebDi Qing (1008–1057), formerly romanized as Ti Ch'ing, was a Chinese military general of the Northern Song dynasty. Biography. Di Qing was born to a poor family in Xihe, Fenzhou (汾州西河; present-day Fenyang, Shanxi). He sported tattoos on his face and excelled in mounted archery. In 1038, during the reign of Emperor Renzong of Song, Di ...

WebTibet was a de facto independent state between the collapse of the Manchu-led Qing dynasty in 1912 and its annexation by the People's Republic of China in 1951.. The Tibetan Ganden Phodrang regime was ruled by the Qing dynasty until 1912. When the Provisional Government of the Republic of China replaced the Qing dynasty as the government of …

WebThe Song dynasty (; Chinese: 宋朝; pinyin: Sòng cháo; 960–1279) was an imperial dynasty of China that began in 960 and lasted until 1279. The dynasty was founded by Emperor Taizu of Song following his usurpation of the throne of the Later Zhou.The Song conquered the rest of the Ten Kingdoms, ending the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms …

WebThe White Lotus (simplified Chinese: 白莲教; traditional Chinese: 白蓮教; pinyin: Báiliánjiào; Wade–Giles: Pai-lien chiao; lit. 'White Lotus Religion') is a syncretic religious and political movement which forecasts the imminent advent of the "King of Light" (明王), i.e., the future Buddha Maitreya. As White Lotus sects developed, they appealed to many Han Chinese …

WebThe Qin dynasty (/ ˈ tʃ ɪ n / CHIN; Chinese: 秦朝; pinyin: Qín cháo), or Ch'in dynasty in Wade–Giles romanization (Wade–Giles: Ch'in ch'ao), was the first dynasty of Imperial China.Named for its heartland in Qin state (modern Gansu and Shaanxi), the Qin dynasty arose as a fief of the Western Zhou and endured for over five centuries until 221 BCE …

WebCelestial Empire (Chinese: 天朝; pinyin: Tiāncháo; "heavenly dynasty") is an old name used to refer to China, from a literary and poetic translation of the Chinese term Tianchao, one of many names for China.. Accordingly, in the 19th century, the name "Celestial" was used to refer to Chinese emigrants to the United States, Canada, and Australia. ...

WebThe Treaty of Nerchinsk (Chinese: 尼布楚條約) of 1689 was the first treaty between the Tsardom of Russia and the Qing dynasty of China. The Russians gave up the area north of the Amur River as far as the Stanovoy Range and kept the area between the Argun River and Lake Baikal.This border along the Argun River and Stanovoy Range lasted until the …

WebA dinastia Qing (manchu: daicing gurun; chinês: 清朝; pinyin: qīng cháoe; Wade-Giles: ch'ing ch'ao; mongol: Манж Чин Улс), também Império do Grande Qing ou Grande Qing foi a última dinastia imperial da China, governando por 268 anos (de 1644-1912) com uma breve restauração fracassada em 1917.Foi precedida pela dinastia Ming e sucedida pela …

WebThe Jin dynasty (; Chinese: 晉朝; pinyin: Jìn Cháo) or the Jin Empire, sometimes distinguished as the Sima Jin (司馬晉) or the Two Jins (兩晉), was an imperial dynasty of China that existed from 266 to 420. It was founded by Sima Yan (Emperor Wu), eldest son of Sima Zhao, who had previously been declared the King of Jin.The Jin dynasty was …