Sulfuric acid (American spelling and the preferred IUPAC name) or sulphuric acid (Commonwealth spelling), known in antiquity as oil of vitriol, is a mineral acid composed of the elements sulfur, oxygen and hydrogen, with the molecular formula H 2 SO 4.It is a colorless, odorless and viscous liquid that is miscible with water.. Pure sulfuric acid does not exist …

Cell polarity refers to spatial differences in shape, structure, and function within a cell. Almost all cell types exhibit some form of polarity, which enables them to carry out specialized functions. ... The mathematical basis for this biological phenomenon was established by Alan Turing in his 1953 paper 'The chemical basis of morphogenesis.' ...

The chemical formulas of organic esters usually take the form RCO 2 R’, where R and R′ are the hydrocarbon parts of the carboxylic acid and the alcohol, respectively.For example, butyl acetate (systematically butyl ethanoate), derived from butanol and acetic acid (systematically ethanoic acid) would be written CH 3 CO 2 C 4 H 9.Alternative presentations are common including …

A chemical bond is a lasting attraction between atoms or ions that enables the formation of molecules and crystals.The bond may result from the electrostatic force between oppositely charged ions as in ionic bonds, or through the sharing of electrons as in covalent bonds.The strength of chemical bonds varies considerably; there are "strong bonds" or "primary bonds" …

A covalent bond is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electrons to form electron pairs between atoms.These electron pairs are known as shared pairs or bonding pairs.The stable balance of attractive and repulsive forces between atoms, when they share electrons, is known as covalent bonding. For many molecules, the sharing of electrons allows each atom to attain the …

In computer science, ACID (atomicity, consistency, isolation, durability) is a set of properties of database transactions intended to guarantee data validity despite errors, power failures, and other mishaps. In the context of databases, a sequence of database operations that satisfies the ACID properties (which can be perceived as a single logical operation on the data) is called a …

A fluorophore (or fluorochrome, similarly to a chromophore) is a fluorescent chemical compound that can re-emit light upon light excitation. Fluorophores typically contain several combined aromatic groups, or planar or cyclic molecules with several π bonds.. Fluorophores are sometimes used alone, as a tracer in fluids, as a dye for staining of certain structures, as a …

Formal theory. Formally, a string is a finite, ordered sequence of characters such as letters, digits or spaces. The empty string is the special case where the sequence has length zero, so there are no symbols in the string.

In chemistry, a solution is a special type of homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances. In such a mixture, a solute is a substance dissolved in another substance, known as a solvent.The mixing process of a solution happens at a scale where the effects of chemical polarity are involved, resulting in interactions that are specific to solvation.

Etymology. The word corrosive is derived from the Latin verb corrodere, which means to gnaw, indicating how these substances seem to "gnaw" their way through flesh or other materials.. Chemical terms. The word corrosive refers to any chemical that will dissolve the structure of an object. They can be acids, oxidizers, or bases.When they come in contact with a surface, the …

Energy medicine is a branch of alternative medicine based on a pseudo-scientific belief that healers can channel "healing energy" into a patient and effect positive results. Practitioners use a number of names including various synonyms for medicine (e.g., energy healing) and sometimes use the word vibrational instead of or in concert with energy. In most cases there is no …

In the nervous system, a synapse is a structure that permits a neuron (or nerve cell) to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron or to the target effector cell.. Synapses are essential to the transmission of nervous impulses from one neuron to another. Neurons are specialized to pass signals to individual target cells, and synapses are the means by which …

Biology, medicine or ecology. Viability selection, the selection of individual organisms who can survive until they are able to reproduce; Fetal viability, the ability of a fetus to survive outside of the uterus; Genetic viability, chance of a population of plants or animals to avoid the problems of inbreeding; Minimum viable population, a lower bound on the population of a species, such that …

An example in organic chemistry of the role of geometry in determining dipole moment is the cis and trans isomers of 1,2-dichloroethene.In the cis isomer the two polar C−Cl bonds are on the same side of the C=C double bond and the molecular dipole moment is 1.90 D. In the trans isomer, the dipole moment is zero because the two C−Cl bonds are on opposite sides of the …