Low Franconian, Low Frankish, or Netherlandic is a linguistic category used to classify many historical and contemporary West Germanic varieties closely related to, and including, the Dutch language.Most dialects and languages included within the category are spoken in the Netherlands, northern Belgium (), in the Nord department of France, in western Germany …

In historical linguistics and language change, grammaticalization (also known as grammatization or grammaticization) is a process of language change by which words representing objects and actions (i.e. nouns and verbs) become grammatical markers (affixes, prepositions, etc.).Thus it creates new function words by a process other than deriving them from existing bound, …