In computer science, a multilevel feedback queue is a scheduling algorithm. Scheduling algorithms are designed to have some process running at all times to keep the central processing unit (CPU) busy. The multilevel feedback queue extends standard algorithms with the following design requirements: . Separate processes into multiple ready queues based on their need for …

The two-dimensional J-integral was originally defined as (see Figure 1 for an illustration) := ( ) = ( ) where W(x 1,x 2) is the strain energy density, x 1,x 2 are the coordinate directions, t = [σ]n is the surface traction vector, n is the normal to the curve Γ, [σ] is the Cauchy stress tensor, and u is the displacement vector.The strain energy density is given by