The Indo-European languages are a language family native to the overwhelming majority of Europe, the Iranian plateau, and the northern Indian subcontinent.Some European languages of this family, English, French, Portuguese, Russian, Dutch, and Spanish, have expanded through colonialism in the modern period and are now spoken across several continents.

The Indo-European languages are primarily represented by the Indo-Iranian branch.The family includes both Indic languages (Hindi, Urdu, Bengali, Odia, Assamese, Punjabi, Sindhi, Kashmiri, Marathi, Gujarati, Sinhala and other languages spoken primarily in South Asia) and Iranian (Persian, Kurdish, Pashto, Balochi and other languages spoken primarily in Iran, Anatolia, …

Basque is geographically surrounded by Romance languages but is a language isolate unrelated to them, and indeed, to any other language in the world. It is the last remaining descendant of one of the pre-Indo-European languages of Prehistoric Europe. Consequently, the prehistory of the Basque language may not be reconstructible by means of the traditional comparative method …

Proposed homelands of the Proto-Uralic language include: . The vicinity of the Volga River, west of the Urals, close to the Urheimat of the Indo-European languages, or to the east and southeast of the Urals.Historian Gyula László places its origin in the forest zone between the Oka River and central Poland.E. N. Setälä and M. Zsirai place it between the Volga and Kama Rivers.

The Kartvelian languages (/ k ɑːr t ˈ v ɛ l i ə n,-ˈ v i l-/; Georgian: ქართველური ენები, romanized: kartveluri enebi; also known as South Caucasian, Kartvelic, and Iberian languages) are a language family indigenous to the South Caucasus and spoken primarily in Georgia.There are approximately 5.2 million Kartvelian speakers worldwide, with large groups in ...

Sino-Tibetan, also cited as Trans-Himalayan in a few sources, is a family of more than 400 languages, second only to Indo-European in number of native speakers. The vast majority of these are the 1.3 billion native speakers of Chinese languages.Other Sino-Tibetan languages with large numbers of speakers include Burmese (33 million) and the Tibetic languages (6 …

Indo-European. The predominant Indo-European language in the Caucasus is Armenian, spoken by the Armenians (circa 6.7 million speakers). The Ossetians, speaking the Ossetian language, form another group of around 700,000 speakers. Other Indo-European languages spoken in the Caucasus include Greek (Pontic Greek), Persian ...

The Indo-European languages include some 449 (SIL estimate, 2018 edition) languages spoken by about or more than 3.5 billion people (roughly half of the world population).Most of the major languages belonging to language branches and groups of Europe, and western and southern Asia, belong to the Indo-European language family.Therefore, Indo-European is the …

Most languages of Europe belong to the Indo-European language family.Out of a total European population of 744 million as of 2018, some 94% are native speakers of an Indo-European language. Within Indo-European, the three largest phyla are Romance, Germanic, and Slavic, they have more than 200 million speakers each and together account for close to …

Japonic or Japanese–Ryukyuan, sometimes also Japanic, is a language family comprising Japanese, spoken in the main islands of Japan, and the Ryukyuan languages, spoken in the Ryukyu Islands.The family is universally accepted by linguists, and significant progress has been made in reconstructing the proto-language. The reconstruction implies a split between all …