In computer science, a data structure is a data organization, management, and storage format that is usually chosen for efficient access to data. More precisely, a data structure is a collection of data values, the relationships among them, and the functions or operations that can be applied to the data, i.e., it is an algebraic structure about data

Data structure alignment is the way data is arranged and accessed in computer memory.It consists of three separate but related issues: data alignment, data structure padding, and packing. The CPU in modern computer hardware performs reads and writes to memory most efficiently when the data is naturally aligned, which generally means that the data's memory …

In computer science, a tree is a widely used abstract data type that represents a hierarchical tree structure with a set of connected nodes.Each node in the tree can be connected to many children (depending on the type of tree), but must be connected to exactly one parent, except for the root node, which has no parent. These constraints mean there are no cycles or "loops" (no node …

In computer science, a heap is a specialized tree-based data structure which is essentially an almost complete tree that satisfies the heap property: in a max heap, for any given node C, if P is a parent node of C, then the key (the value) of P is greater than or equal to the key of C.In a min heap, the key of P is less than or equal to the key of C. The node at the "top" of the heap (with …

In telecommunications, data-transfer rate is the average number of bits (), characters or symbols (), or data blocks per unit time passing through a communication link in a data-transmission system.Common data rate units are multiples of bits per second (bit/s) and bytes per second (B/s). For example, the data rates of modern residential high-speed Internet connections are …

In computing, a persistent data structure or not ephemeral data structure is a data structure that always preserves the previous version of itself when it is modified. Such data structures are effectively immutable, as their operations do not (visibly) update the structure in-place, but instead always yield a new updated structure.The term was introduced in Driscoll, Sarnak, …

The taxonomic rank-structure of classes, which is an example of a hierarchical data structure; and; at run time, the creation of references to in-memory data-structures of objects that have been instantiated from a class library. It is only after instantiation that an object of a specified class exists. After an object's reference is cleared ...

Purely functional implementation. Queues can also be implemented as a purely functional data structure. There are two implementations. The first one only achieves () per operation on average.That is, the amortized time is (), but individual operations can take () where n is the number of elements in the queue. The second implementation is called a real-time queue and …

In computer science, an abstract data type (ADT) is a mathematical model for data types.An abstract data type is defined by its behavior from the point of view of a user, of the data, specifically in terms of possible values, possible operations on data of this type, and the behavior of these operations.This mathematical model contrasts with data structures, which are …

In computer science, a graph is an abstract data type that is meant to implement the undirected graph and directed graph concepts from the field of graph theory within mathematics.. A graph data structure consists of a finite (and possibly mutable) set of vertices (also called nodes or points), together with a set of unordered pairs of these vertices for an undirected graph or a set …