unstirred water layer - EAS

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  1. Aqueous diffusion layer

    The presence of an aqueous diffusion layer or 'unstirred' water layer adjacent to the intestinal membrane has long been regarded as a potential barrier for intestinal absorption of compounds.
    Author: Win L. Chiou
    Publish Year: 1994
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    What is UWL (unstirred water layer)?
    Adjacent to the membrane surfaces is an unstirred or stagnant water layer (UWL) that can act as diffusion barrier for rapidly penetrating drugs.
    www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378517307…
    How thick is an unstirred layer?
    The actual thickness of the unstirred layer depends partly on the molecular weight of the probe and partly on the rate of stirring (Dainty and Hope 1959 a, b).
    link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-69508-7_4
    Who developed the concept of the unstirred layer?
    The concept of the unstirred layer (UWL) was originally developed by Noyes and Whitney (1897, quoted by Dainty and House 1966a) and later by Nernst (1904, quoted by Andreoli and Trautman 1979), and extended more recently by Teorell (1936), Dainty (1963), Dainty and House (1966c), and Ginzburg and Kalchalsky (1963).
    link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-69508-7_4
    Do unstirred layers regulate the transport of materials across biologic interfaces?
    These workers called attention to the potential relevance of unstirred layers in regulating the transport of materials across biologic interfaces. The presence of UWLs at solid-liquid interfaces was demonstrated to be a real physical characteristic of such interfaces by direct microscopic examination by Green and Otori (1970).
    link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-69508-7_4
  3. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7888601

    The presence of an aqueous diffusion layer or 'unstirred' water layer adjacent to the intestinal membrane has long been regarded as a potential barrier for intestinal absorption of …

    • Author: Win L. Chiou
    • Publish Year: 1994
  4. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19653267

    This leads to formation of a concentration gradient between the bulk solution and the surface. The formed unstirred water layer (UWL) reduces the apparent permeability (P (app)) of

  5. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5120088

    Dec 03, 1971 · Abstract. Bile acid and fatty acid uptake from micellar solutions by intestinal cells fails to reflect the incremental free energy changes expected for permeation that is rate limited …

    • Author: Frederick A. Wilson, Verney L. Sallee, John M. Dietschy
    • Publish Year: 1971
  6. Water unstirred layers - Big Chemical Encyclopedia

    https://chempedia.info/info/unstirred_water_layer

    Water unstirred layers Irrespective of the physical form of the carotenoid in the plant tissue it needs to be dissolved directly into the bulk lipid phase (emulsion) and then into the mixed …

  7. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-69508-7_4

    Abstract. The concept of the unstirred layer (UWL) was originally developed by Noyes and Whitney (1897, quoted by Dainty and House 1966a) and later by …

    • Author: A. B. R. Thomson, J. M. Dietschy
    • Publish Year: 1984
  8. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.174.4013.1031

    Abstract. Bile acid and fatty acid uptake from micellar solutions by intestinal cells fails to reflect the incremental free energy changes expected for permeation that is rate limited by cell …

  9. Unstirred water layer diffusion barrier - Big Chemical Encyclopedia

    https://chempedia.info/info/unstirred_water_layer_diffusion_barrier

    Unstirred water layer diffusion barrier Smithson, K.W., and D.B. Millar. 1981. Intestinal diffusion barrier Unstirred water layer or membrane surface mucous coat Science 214 1241. The layer

  10. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378517307003699

    Sep 05, 2007 · The permeability and flux of the drugs though a PAMPA membrane at different unstirred water layer (UWL) thicknesses was determined. In absence of HPβCD, permeability …

  11. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8306192

    For long-chain fatty acids and cholesterol, passage across the unstirred water layer is rate limiting, whereas passage of short- and medium-chain fatty acids is limited by the brush-border …

  12. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1015848205447

    Despite the clear advantages of this system, the lack of stirring may create an unstirred water layer (UWL) whose resistance may limit the transcellular transport of lipophilic molecules. The …

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