history, a specific time period, a certain approach to history or a specific geographic region. Non-historians often say that “history repeats itself” or that “things were always this way.” History cannot repeat itself because history is not a living, thinking being. …

national history. Personally, I wonder if teaching national history is a good idea. The content of national history textbooks seems to be to glorify the nation, to explain why “we” are better than anyone else, and to justify why we should impose our religion, our system of government, and our values on other people in other parts of the world.

history, it is an activity whose sources are to be looked for elsewhere, be it in a neuro-sis of nostalgia, an obsession with the steady obliteration that time effects on the known and knowable past. Rankes famous dictum, that the task of the historian is to find out

History is the study of past events. People know what happened in the past by looking at things from the past including sources (like books, newspapers, and letters) and artifacts (like pottery, tools, and human or animal remains.) History is the study of the past, specifically the things, that happened before, that changes over the course of time.

Even a novice student of history is familiar with George Santayana’s famous quote, “those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.” 1 While many are familiar with Santayana’s statement, few have given it much though beyond its common application to convince high school history students that history is important.

History is an intellectual discipline practiced by historians who try to make sense of the past. Because history is about change, nothing was ever “always” a certain way. SOURCES Historians who write history emphasize the value of primary sources, that is those sources actually dating from thparticular time period.

14 hàng · History of the computer file format. The Portable Document Format (PDF) was created in the late 1990s by Adobe Systems, introduced at the Windows and OS|2 Conference in January 1993 and remained a proprietary format until it was released as an open standard in 2008. Since then, it is under the control of International Organization for ...

Historical Thinking • Historical evidence is fragmentary and mediated by those who let it survive deliberately or accidentally. • Historians formulate plausible interpretations of the past evidence. • Interpretations vary. Historical writing reflects both historians’ personality and the time and place they are living in. • History is never complete. . Knowledge of the past is not f