The history of the Jews in France deals with Jews and Jewish communities in France since at least the Early Middle Ages.France was a centre of Jewish learning in the Middle Ages, but persecution increased over time, including multiple expulsions and returns. During the French Revolution in the late 18th century, on the other hand, France was the first European country …

Council of Clermont, an assembly for church reform called by Pope Urban IIon November 18, 1095, which became the occasion for initiating the First Crusade. The Council was attended largely by bishops of southern France as well as a few representatives from northern France and elsewhere. As a result of a request by envoys from the Byzantine emperor Alexius I Comnenus …

Robert of Clermont (1256 – 7 February 1317) was a French prince du sang who was created Count of Clermont in 1268. He was the sixth and last son of King Louis IX (Saint Louis) and Margaret of Provence.. Although he played a minor role in his lifetime due to a head injury which left him handicapped at a young age, he had an important dynastic position as the founder of …

History. France was one of the nuclear pioneers, going back to the work of Marie Skłodowska Curie and Henri Becquerel.Curie's last assistant Bertrand Goldschmidt became the father of the French nuclear weapons program. [clarification needed] French Professor Frédéric Joliot-Curie, High Commissioner for Atomic Energy, told the New York Herald Tribune that the 1945 Smyth …

The French National Museum of Natural History, known in French as the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle (abbreviation MNHN), is the national natural history museum of France and a grand établissement of higher education part of Sorbonne Universities.The main museum, with four galleries, is located in Paris, France, within the Jardin des Plantes on the left bank of the …

Throughout Ottoman history, there were many instances in which local governors acted independently, and even in opposition to the ruler. After the Young Turk Revolution of 1908, the Ottoman state became a constitutional monarchy. ... Due to historically close ties with France, French literature came to constitute the major Western influence on ...

L'Indicateur des Flandres : retrouvez toute l'actualité en direct, lisez les articles de L'Indicateur des Flandres et le journal numérique sur tous vos appareils

Freemasonry in France (French: Franc-maçonnerie) has been influential on the worldwide Masonic movement due to its founding of Continental Freemasonry.. There are many and varied Masonic rites and obediences in France. The main male-only masonic organisations are the Grande Loge de France and the Grande Loge Nationale Française, the main female-only …

Marshal of France (French: Maréchal de France, plural Maréchaux de France) is a French military distinction, rather than a military rank, that is awarded to generals for exceptional achievements. The title has been awarded since 1185, though briefly abolished (1793–1804) and for a period dormant (1870–1916). It was one of the Great Officers of the Crown of France …

The French Grand Prix (French: Grand Prix de France), formerly known as the Grand Prix de l'ACF (Automobile Club de France), is an auto race held as part of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile's annual Formula One World Championship.It is one of the oldest motor races in the world as well as the first "Grand Prix".It ceased shortly after its centenary in 2008 with 86 …