British ethnologist Robert Gordon Lathamoriginally used the term "Costanoan" to refer to the linguistically similar but ethnically diverse Native American tribes in the San Francisco Bay Area. The term was based on the name of

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Pre-Contact Lifestyle
The Ohlone inhabited fixed village locations, moving temporarily to gather seasonal foodstuffs like

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Pre-Columbian era
The predominant theory regarding the settlement of the Americas date the original migrations from Asia to around 20,000 years ago across the Bering Strait land bridge, but one anthropologist, Otto von Sadovszky,

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Sacred sites and importance
The arrival of the Spanish in the 1776 decelerated the culture, sovereignty, religion, and language of the Ohlone. Before the Spanish

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Linguists identified eight regional, linguistic divisions or subgroups of the Ohlone, listed below from north to south:
• Karkin (also called Carquin): The Karkin resided on the south side of the Carquinez Strait. The name of the Carquinez Straitderives from their name.

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The Mutsun (of Hollister and Watsonville), The Lisjan Ohlone, The Tamien Nation, Ramaytush Ohlone and the Muwekma Ohlone Tribe (of the San Francisco Bay Area) are among the surviving groups of Ohlone today. The Esselen Nationalso describes itself as

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Costanoan is an externally applied name (exonym). The Spanish explorers and settlers referred to the native groups of this region collectively as the Costeños (the "coastal people") circa 1769. Over time, the English-speaking settlers arriving later

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