The mean of a probability distribution is the long-run arithmetic average value of a random variable having that distribution. If the random variable is denoted by , then it is also known as the expected value of (denoted ()).For a discrete probability distribution, the mean is given by (), where the sum is taken over all possible values of the random variable and () is the probability …

The phrase "correlation does not imply causation" refers to the inability to legitimately deduce a cause-and-effect relationship between two events or variables solely on the basis of an observed association or correlation between them. The idea that "correlation implies causation" is an example of a questionable-cause logical fallacy, in which two events occurring together are …

The harmonic mean is the reciprocal of the arithmetic mean of the reciprocals. It is often used when people want a mean of rates or percentages. The root mean square (or quadratic mean) is the square root of the arithmetic mean of the squares of the values. The root mean square is at least as high as the arithmetic mean, and usually higher.

The term above mean sea level (AMSL) is the elevation or altitude used by engineers to determine the coverage area a station will be able to reach. It is also used in aviation, where most heights are recorded and reported in AMSL (see flight level), and in the atmospheric sciences.. Definition. A "mean sea level" is imaginary. It is not possible to know the average sea level for the entire planet.

Answer (1 of 9): It is a Section Sign - used to refer to sections of a book or document, especially in a legal document. Sometimes it can be used instead of an asterisk, if …