Feb 24, 2010 · The Greek word skepsis means investigation. By calling themselves skeptics, the ancient skeptics thus describe themselves as investigators. They also call themselves ‘those who suspend’ (ephektikoi), thereby signaling that their investigations lead them to suspension of judgment.They do not put forward theories, and they do not deny that knowledge can be found.

Skepticism or scepticism (Greek skeptomai: to consider, to examine) ... In the 4th century BC Pyrrho of Elis (c360–275 BC), who travelled and studied as far as India, adopted practical skepticism. Carneades (c213–129 BC) disagreed that things were completely true or false. ... philosophical skepticism was started by Al-Ghazali, ...

Pyrrhonism is a school of philosophical skepticism that originated with Pyrrho in the 3rd century BC, and was further advanced by Aenesidemus in the 1st century BC. Its objective is ataraxia (being mentally unperturbed), which is achieved through epoché (i.e. suspension of judgment ) about non-evident matters (i.e., matters of belief ).

Moral skepticism (or moral scepticism in British English) is a class of metaethical theories all members of which entail that no one has any moral knowledge. Many moral skeptics also make the stronger, modal claim that moral knowledge is impossible. Moral skepticism is particularly opposed to moral realism: the view that there are knowable and objective moral truths.

Jan 17, 2014 · Sextus Empiricus was a Pyrrhonian Skeptic living probably in the second or third century CE, many of whose works survive, including the Outlines of Pyrrhonism, the best and fullest account we have of Pyrrhonian skepticism (a kind of skepticism named for Pyrrho (see entry on Ancient Skepticism)).Pyrrhonian skepticism involves having no beliefs about …

Pyrrho 365-275 B.C. Elis, Greece Pyrrhonism Arcesilaus 316-240 B.C. Pitane, Asia Minor Athens Academic Skepticism Sextus Empericus Late 3rd Cent - Early 2nd Cent. Skepticism Outlines of Pyrrhonism Plotinus A.D. 204-270 Rome Neo-Platonism Enneads The Stoics • Developed a cosmology of materialism • Every person has within him a spark of the ...

The Philosophical Forum 2: 283-98. Reprinted in Pappas and Swain (1978). Outlines a skepticism based on an Infallibility Proposal about knowledge. Lehrer, K., and Paxson, T. D. (1969). “Knowledge: Undefeated Justified True Belief.” Journal of Philosophy 66: 225-37. Reprinted in Pappas and Swain (1978). Presents a No Defeat Proposal. Lewis ...