In mathematics, and more specifically in graph theory, a graph is a structure amounting to a set of objects in which some pairs of the objects are in some sense "related". The objects correspond to mathematical abstractions called vertices (also called nodes or points) and each of the related pairs of vertices is called an edge (also called link or line).

In graph theory, a tree is an undirected graph in which any two vertices are connected by exactly one path, ... July–August 1999 (PDF), pp. 134–141. Deo, Narsingh (1974), Graph Theory with Applications to Engineering and Computer Science (PDF), Englewood, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, ISBN ...

In the mathematical field of graph theory, the distance between two vertices in a graph is the number of edges in a shortest path (also called a graph geodesic) connecting them.This is also known as the geodesic distance or shortest-path distance. Notice that there may be more than one shortest path between two vertices. If there is no path connecting the two vertices, i.e., if …

In the mathematical field of graph theory, a bipartite graph (or bigraph) is a graph whose vertices can be divided into two disjoint and independent sets and , that is every edge connects a vertex in to one in .Vertex sets and are usually called the parts of the graph. Equivalently, a bipartite graph is a graph that does not contain any odd-length cycles.. The two sets and may …

Definitions. Given a graph G = (V, E), a matching M in G is a set of pairwise non-adjacent edges, none of which are loops; that is, no two edges share common vertices.. A vertex is matched (or saturated) if it is an endpoint of one of the edges in the matching.Otherwise the vertex is unmatched (or unsaturated).. A maximal matching is a matching M of a graph G that is not a …

In the mathematical area of graph theory, a clique (/ ˈ k l iː k / or / ˈ k l ɪ k /) is a subset of vertices of an undirected graph such that every two distinct vertices in the clique are adjacent.That is, a clique of a graph is an induced subgraph of that is complete.Cliques are one of the basic concepts of graph theory and are used in many other mathematical problems and …

In graph theory, a path in a graph is a finite or infinite sequence of edges which joins a sequence of vertices which, by most definitions, are all distinct (and since the vertices are distinct, so are the edges). A directed path (sometimes called dipath) in a directed graph is a finite or infinite sequence of edges which joins a sequence of distinct vertices, but with the added restriction ...

Graph Theory 2 o Kruskal's Algorithm o Prim's Algorithm o Dijkstra's Algorithm Computer Network – The relationships among interconnected computers in the network follows the principles of graph theory. Science – The molecular structure and chemical structure of a substance, the DNA structure of an organism, etc., are represented by graphs.

In graph theory, a cycle in a graph is a non-empty trail in which only the first and last vertices are equal. A directed cycle in a directed graph is a non-empty directed trail in which only the first and last vertices are equal.. A graph without cycles is called an acyclic graph.A directed graph without directed cycles is called a directed acyclic graph.A connected graph without cycles is ...

In the mathematical field of graph theory, a complete graph is a simple undirected graph in which every pair of distinct vertices is connected by a unique edge.A complete digraph is a directed graph in which every pair of distinct vertices is connected by a pair of unique edges (one in each direction).. Graph theory itself is typically dated as beginning with Leonhard Euler's …