Origins
The early Vedic age is historically dated to the second half of the second millennium BCE. Historically, after the collapse of the Indus Valley civilisation, which occurred around 1900 BCE, … See more

Archaeological cultures identified with phases of Vedic material culture include the Ochre Coloured Pottery culture, the Gandhara Grave culture, the Black and red ware culture and the Painted Grey Ware culture.
Ochre coloured … See more

• Anthony, David W. (2007). The Horse, the Wheel, and Language: How Bronze-Age Riders from the Eurasian Steppes Shaped the Modern World. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0691058870.
• Anthony, David; Ringe, Don (2015), "The Indo-European … See more

Society
While Vedic society was relatively egalitarian in the sense that a distinct hierarchy of socio-economic classes or castes was … See more

The Puranic chronology, the timeline of events in ancient Indian history and mythology as narrated in post-Vedic Hindu texts such as the Mahabharatha, the Ramayana and … See more

1. ^ McClish & Olivelle 2012, p. xxiv: "Although the Vedas are essentially liturgical documents and increasingly mystical reflections on Vedic ritual, they are sufficiently rich and extensive to give us some understanding of what life was like at the time. The … See more

• Thapar, Romila (2004), Early India: From the Origins to AD 1300, University of California Press
• Prasad, R.U.S. (2020), The Rig-Vedic and Post-Rig-Vedic Polity (1500 BCE-500 … See more