The word "silicon" in the name originally referred to the large number of innovators and manufacturers in the region specializing in silicon-based MOS transistors and integrated circuit chips.
The popularization of the

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Silicon Valley was born through the intersection of several contributing factors including a skilled science research base housed in area universities, plentiful venture capital, and steady U.S. Department of Defense spending. Stanford Universityleadership

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The San Francisco Bay Area has the largest concentration of high-techcompanies in the United States, at 387,000 high-tech jobs, of which Silicon

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The following Santa Clara County cities are traditionally considered to be in Silicon Valley (in alphabetical order):
• Campbell
• Cupertino
• Gilroy
• Los Altos

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Funding for public schools in upscale Silicon Valley communities such as Woodsideis often supplemented by grants from private foundations set up for that purpose and funded by

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In 1980, Intelligent Machines Journal changed its name to InfoWorld, and, with offices in Palo Alto, began covering the emergence of the microcomputer industry in the valley.
Local and national media cover Silicon Valley and its companies.

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Depending on what geographic regions are included in the meaning of the term, the population of Silicon Valley is between 3.5 and 4 million. A 1999 study by AnnaLee Saxenian for the Public Policy Institute of Californiareported that a third of Silicon Valley scientists and

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