Invasive species of earthworms from the suborder Lumbricina have been expanding their range in North America. Their introduction can have marked effects on the nutrient cycles in temperate forests.These earthworms increase the cycling and leaching of nutrients by breaking up decaying organic matter and spreading it into the soil.Since plants native to these northern forests are …

The border between Canada and the United States is the longest international border in the world. The terrestrial boundary (including boundaries in the Great Lakes, Atlantic, and Pacific coasts) is 8,891 kilometers (5,525 mi) long.The land border has two sections: Canada's border with the contiguous United States to its south, and with the U.S. state of Alaska to its west.