The name Antiphon the Sophist (/ ˈ æ n t ə ˌ f ɒ n,-ən /; Greek: Ἀντιφῶν) is used to refer to the writer of several Sophistic treatises. He probably lived in Athens in the last two decades of the 5th century BC, but almost nothing is known of his life.. It has been debated since antiquity whether the writer of these Sophistic treatises was in fact none other than Antiphon the ...

An antiphon (Greek ἀντίφωνον, ἀντί "opposite" and φωνή "voice") is a short chant in Christian ritual, sung as a refrain.The texts of antiphons are the Psalms.Their form was favored by St Ambrose and they feature prominently in Ambrosian chant, but they are used widely in Gregorian chant as well. They may be used during Mass, for the Introit, the Offertory or the Communion.

The Introit (from Latin: introitus, "entrance") is part of the opening of the liturgical celebration of the Eucharist for many Christian denominations.In its most complete version, it consists of an antiphon, psalm verse and Gloria Patri, which are spoken or sung at the beginning of the celebration.It is part of the Proper of the liturgy: that is, the part that changes over the liturgical …

"Alma Redemptoris Mater" (Ecclesiastical Latin: [ˈalma redempˈtoris ˈmater]; "Loving Mother of our Redeemer") is a Marian hymn, written in Latin hexameter, and one of four seasonal liturgical Marian antiphons sung at the end of the office of Compline (the other three being Ave Regina Caelorum, Regina Caeli and Salve Regina

Queen of Heaven (Latin: Regina Caeli) is a title given to the Virgin Mary, by Christians mainly of the Catholic Church and, to a lesser extent, in Anglicanism, Lutheranism, and Eastern Orthodoxy.. The Catholic teaching on this subject is expressed in the papal encyclical Ad Caeli Reginam, issued by Pope Pius XII in 1954. It states that Mary is called Queen of Heaven because her …

A dirge (Latin: dirige, naenia) is a somber song or lament expressing mourning or grief, such as would be appropriate for performance at a funeral.Often taking the form of a brief hymn, dirges are typically shorter and less meditative than elegies. Dirges are often slow and bear the character of funeral marches. Poetic dirges may be dedicated to a specific individual or otherwise …

According to Saint Augustine, it was Saint Ambrose who, in the 4th century, introduced the use of hymns outside the liturgy of the Western Church. By the 8th century, popular hymns such as Ave Maris Stella had appeared as plainsong in Vespers and many other hymns were later based on them. Hymns to Mary began to flourish with the growing veneration of the Virgin Mary in the …

Die Vesper (lat. vespera „Abend“) ist die Abendhore im Stundengebet und somit als Abendlob das liturgische Abendgebet im Christentum. Im byzantinischen Ritus wird es Ἑσπερινός Hesperinós ‚abendlich‘ (von griech. ἕσπερος hésperos ‚Abend‘) genannt.. Hochfeste und Sonntage beginnen liturgisch bereits am Vorabend; die Vesper am Vorabend wird dann erste Vesper ...

Frontespizio di un antifonario romano stampato a Venezia nel 1748. L'antifona è una frase, spesso breve, che viene recitata o di preferenza cantata in una salmodia durante una celebrazione liturgica dell'ufficio o della messa. Solitamente si tratta di un versetto di un salmo o scrittura, ma può essere anche una semplice composizione ecclesiale che ha lo scopo di …

Zeno of Elea (/ ˈ z iː n oʊ ... ˈ ɛ l i ə /; Ancient Greek: Ζήνων ὁ Ἐλεᾱ́της; c. 495 – c. 430 BC) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher of Magna Graecia and a member of the Eleatic School founded by Parmenides. Aristotle called him the inventor of the dialectic. He is best known for his paradoxes, which Bertrand Russell described as "immeasurably subtle and profound".