Al-Malik al-Zahir Rukn al-Din Baybars al-Bunduqdari (Arabic: الملك الظاهر ركن الدين بيبرس البندقداري, al-Malik al-Ẓāhir Rukn al-Dīn Baybars al-Bunduqdārī) (1223/1228 – 1 July 1277), of Turkic Kipchak origin, commonly … 查看更多內容

In his native Turkic language, Baybars' name means "great panther" or "lord panther" (see also Wiktionary: bay "rich person, noble" + pars "leopard, panther"). 查看更多內容

Baibars was a Kipchak thought to be born in the Dasht-i Kipchak - between the Edil (Volga) and Yaiyk (Ural) rivers - while other sources specify this as in the Kazakhstan,. There is a discrepancy in Ibn Taghrībirdī's dating of his birth, since he says it took place in 625 AH … 查看更多內容

Baibars died in Damascus on 1 July 1277, when he was 53 years old. His demise has been the subject of some academic speculation. Many sources agree that he died from drinking poisoned kumis that was intended for someone else. Other accounts … 查看更多內容

Possibly based on the Turkic meaning of his name, Baybars used the panther as his heraldic blazon, and placed it on both coins and … 查看更多內容

In 1250, he supported the defeat of the Seventh Crusade of Louis IX of France in two major battles. The first was the Battle of Al Mansurah, where he employed an ingenious … 查看更多內容

Soon after Baybars had ascended to the Sultanate, his authority was confirmed without any serious resistance, except from Alam al … 查看更多內容