Basalt ist ein basisches (SiO 2-armes) Ergussgestein.Es besteht vor allem aus einer Mischung von Calcium-Eisen-Magnesium-Silikaten und calcium- und natriumreichem Feldspat sowie meist auch Olivin.. Basalt ist das vulkanische Äquivalent zum Gabbro (), der zwar die gleiche chemische Zusammensetzung hat, aber tief in der Erdkruste aus einem Magma …

Voorkomen. Basalt is een uitvloeiingsgesteente en ontstaat aan het oppervlak in gebieden met vulkanische activiteit. Het is typisch een product van laag viskeuze snelstromende lava's zoals op Hawaï.Ook onder het (zee)wateroppervlak kunnen basaltuitvloeiingen plaatsvinden, zoals bij de mid-oceanische ruggen.Hier worden zogenoemde pillow basalts gevormd.

During the middle to late Miocene epoch, the Columbia River flood basalts engulfed about 163,700 km 2 (63,200 sq mi) of the Pacific Northwest, forming a large igneous province with an estimated volume of 174,300 km 3 (41,800 cu mi). Eruptions were most vigorous 17–14 million years ago, when over 99 percent of the basalt was released. Less extensive eruptions …

Basalt (UK: / ˈ b æ s ɔː l t,-əl t /; US: / b ə ˈ s ɔː l t, ˈ b eɪ s ɔː l t /) is an aphanitic (fine-grained) extrusive igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity lava rich in magnesium and iron (mafic lava) exposed at or very near the surface of a rocky planet or moon.More than 90% of all volcanic rock on Earth is basalt. Rapid-cooling, fine-grained basalt is ...

A flood basalt (or plateau basalt) is the result of a giant volcanic eruption or series of eruptions that covers large stretches of land or the ocean floor with basalt lava.Many flood basalts have been attributed to the onset of a hotspot reaching the surface of the earth via a mantle plume. Flood basalt provinces such as the Deccan Traps of India are often called traps, after the …

The lunar maria (/ ˈ m ɑːr i ə /; singular: mare / ˈ m ɑːr eɪ /) are large, dark, basaltic plains on Earth's Moon, formed by ancient asteroid impacts on the far side on the Moon that triggered volcanic activity on the opposite (near) side. They were dubbed maria, Latin for 'seas', by early astronomers who mistook them for actual seas. They are less reflective than the "highlands" as …

The Giant's Causeway is an area of about 40,000 interlocking basalt columns, the result of an ancient volcanic fissure eruption. It is located in County Antrim on the north coast of Northern Ireland, about three miles (5 km) northeast of the town of Bushmills.. It was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1986 and a national nature reserve by the Department of the …

The Deccan Traps is a large igneous province of west-central India (17–24°N, 73–74°E). It is one of the largest volcanic features on Earth, taking the form of a large shield volcano. It consists of numerous layers of solidified flood basalt that together are more than about 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) thick, cover an area of about 500,000 square kilometres (200,000 sq mi), and have a volume ...

Volcanic rocks are named according to both their chemical composition and texture. Basalt is a very common volcanic rock with low silica content. Rhyolite is a volcanic rock with high silica content. Rhyolite has silica content similar to that of granite while basalt is compositionally equal to gabbro.Intermediate volcanic rocks include andesite, dacite, trachyte, and latite.

A decal (/ ˈ d iː k æ l /, US also / d ɪ ˈ k æ l /, CAN / ˈ d ɛ k əl /) or transfer is a plastic, cloth, paper, or ceramic substrate that has printed on it a pattern or image that can be moved to another surface upon contact, usually with the aid of heat or water.. The word is short for decalcomania, a decorative technique by which engravings and prints are transferred to pottery or ...