Early explorations
After a long, tolling voyage across the Pacific Ocean, Ferdinand Magellan reached the island of Guam on 6 March 1521 and anchored the three ships that were left of his fleet in

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Political system
The Spanish quickly organized their new colony according to their model. The first task was the reduction, or relocation of indigenous Filipinos into settlements. The earliest political system used during the conquista period was the

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Until the second half of the 18th century, there were 24 provinces, 19 alcaldías mayores and five corregimientos:
Corregimientos
• Mariveles
• Cavite
• Zamboanga

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Spanish colonial rule of the Philippines was constantly threatened by indigenous rebellions and invasions from the Dutch, Chinese, Japanese and British. The previously dominant

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• History of the Philippines (1521–1898)
• Spanish East Indies
• Spanish Filipino

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• Abinales, P. N.; Amoroso, Donna J. (2005), State and Society in the Philippines, Rowman & Littlefield, ISBN 978-0-7425-1024-1.
• Agoncillo, Teodoro A. (1990), History of the Filipino People

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Manila-Acapulco galleon trade
Manila was the western hub of the trans-Pacific trade. Manila galleons were constructed in Bicol and Cavite. Trade between Spain and the Philippines was via the Pacific Ocean to Mexico (Manila to Acapulco),

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