Benkler contrasts commons-based peer production with firm production, in which tasks are delegated based on a central decision-making process, and market-based production, in which allocating different prices to

 ...

First, the potential goals of peer production must be modular. In other words, objectives must be divisible into components, or modules, each of which can be independently produced. That allows participants to work asynchronously, without

 ...

Participation in commons-based peer production is often voluntary and not necessarily associated with getting profit out of it. Thus, the motivation behind this phenomenon goes far

 ...

Examples of projects using commons-based peer production include:
• Linux, a computer operating system kernel
• GNU, a computer operating system generally used in conjunction with the kernel Linux

 ...

Interrelated concepts to Commons-based peer production are the processes of peer governance and peer property. To begin with, peer governance is a new mode of governance and bottom-up mode of participative decision-makingthat is being experimented in peer

 ...

Some believe that the commons-based peer production (CBPP) vision, while powerful and groundbreaking, needs to be strengthened at its root because of some allegedly wrong

 ...

Several outgrowths have been:
• Customization/Specialization: With free and open-source softwaresmall groups have the capability to

 ...