As of August 31, 2020, the components of the DJIA have changed 55 times since its beginning on May 26, 1896. General Electrichad the longest continuous presence on the index, beginning in the original index in 1896 and

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Investing in the DJIA is possible via index funds as well as via derivatives such as option contracts and futures contracts.
Mutual and exchange-traded funds
Index funds, including mutual funds and exchange-traded funds(ETF) can replicate, before fees and expenses,

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Precursor
In 1884, Charles Dowcomposed his first stock average, which contained nine railroads and two industrial companies that appeared in the Customer's Afternoon Letter, a daily two-page financial news bulletin which was the

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To calculate the DJIA, the sum of the prices of all 30 stocks is divided by a divisor, the Dow Divisor. The divisor is adjusted in case of stock splits, spinoffs or similar structural changes, to ensure that such events do not in themselves alter the numerical value of the

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• Closing milestones of the Dow Jones Industrial Average
• List of largest daily changes in the Dow Jones Industrial Average

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• Stillman, Richard (1986). Dow Jones Industrial Average: History and Role in an Investment Strategy. Homewood, Ill.: Dow Jones-Irwin.

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Issues with market representation
With the inclusion of only 30 stocks, critics such as Ric Edelmanargue that the DJIA is an inaccurate representation of overall market performance

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