WebIn particle physics, flavour or flavor refers to the species of an elementary particle.The Standard Model counts six flavours of quarks and six flavours of leptons.They are conventionally parameterized with flavour quantum numbers that are assigned to all subatomic particles.They can also be described by some of the family symmetries …

WebIn particle physics, a baryon is a type of composite subatomic particle which contains an odd number of valence quarks (at least 3). Baryons belong to the hadron family of particles; hadrons are composed of quarks.Baryons are also classified as fermions because they have half-integer spin.. The name "baryon", introduced by Abraham Pais, comes from the …

WebThe history of nuclear physics as a discipline distinct from atomic physics, starts with the discovery of radioactivity by Henri Becquerel in 1896, made while investigating phosphorescence in uranium salts. The discovery of the electron by J. J. Thomson a year later was an indication that the atom had internal structure. At the beginning of the 20th …

WebIn particle physics, a fermion is a particle that follows Fermi–Dirac statistics.Generally, it has a half-odd-integer spin: spin 1 / 2, spin 3 / 2, etc.In addition, these particles obey the Pauli exclusion principle.Fermions include all quarks and leptons and all composite particles made of an odd number of these, such as all baryons and many atoms and nuclei.

WebWave–particle duality is the concept in quantum mechanics that every particle or quantum entity may be described as either a particle or a wave.It expresses the inability of the classical concepts "particle" or "wave" to fully describe the behaviour of quantum-scale objects. As Albert Einstein wrote:. It seems as though we must use sometimes the one …

WebThis is a timeline of subatomic particle discoveries, including all particles thus far discovered which appear to be elementary (that is, indivisible) given the best available evidence. It also includes the discovery of composite particles and antiparticles that were of particular historical importance.. More specifically, the inclusion criteria are: ...

WebIn the physical sciences, a particle (or corpuscule in older texts) is a small localized object to which can be ascribed several physical or chemical properties, such as volume, density, or mass. They vary greatly in size or quantity, from subatomic particles like the electron, to microscopic particles like atoms and molecules, to macroscopic particles like powders …

WebBeing baryons, all hyperons are fermions.That is, they have half-integer spin and obey Fermi–Dirac statistics.Hyperons all interact via the strong nuclear force, making them types of hadron.They are composed of three light quarks, at least one of which is a strange quark, which makes them strange baryons.. Excited hyperon resonances and ground-state …

WebIn particle physics, a magnetic monopole is a hypothetical elementary particle that is an isolated magnet with only one magnetic pole (a north pole without a south pole or vice versa). A magnetic monopole would have a net north or south "magnetic charge". Modern interest in the concept stems from particle theories, notably the grand unified and …

WebThe atomic nucleus is the small, dense region consisting of protons and neutrons at the center of an atom, discovered in 1911 by Ernest Rutherford based on the 1909 Geiger–Marsden gold foil experiment.After the discovery of the neutron in 1932, models for a nucleus composed of protons and neutrons were quickly developed by Dmitri Ivanenko …