A chant (from French chanter, from Latin cantare, "to sing") is the iterative speaking or singing of words or sounds, often primarily on one or two main pitches called reciting tones.Chants may range from a simple melody involving a limited set of notes to highly complex musical structures, often including a great deal of repetition of musical subphrases, such as Great Responsories …

Christian philosophy includes all philosophy carried out by Christians, or in relation to the religion of Christianity.Christian philosophy emerged with the aim of reconciling science and faith, starting from natural rational explanations with the help of Christian revelation.Several thinkers such as Augustine believed that there was a harmonious relationship between science …

Christian humanism regards humanist principles like universal human dignity, individual freedom, and the importance of happiness as essential and principal or even exclusive components of the teachings of Jesus.Proponents of the term trace the concept to the Renaissance or patristic period, linking their beliefs to the scholarly movement also called …

The IIoT is enabled by technologies such as cybersecurity, cloud computing, edge computing, mobile technologies, machine-to-machine, 3D printing, advanced robotics, big data, internet of things, RFID technology, and cognitive computing. Five of the most important ones are described below: Cyber-physical systems (CPS): the basic technology platform for IoT and IIoT and …

Christian existentialism relies on Kierkegaard's understanding of Christianity.Kierkegaard argued that the universe is fundamentally paradoxical, and that its greatest paradox is the transcendent union of God and humans in the person of Jesus Christ.He also posited having a personal relationship with God that supersedes all prescribed moralities, social structures and …

The Carolingian Empire (800–888) was a large Frankish-dominated empire in western and central Europe during the Early Middle Ages.It was ruled by the Carolingian dynasty, which had ruled as kings of the Franks since 751 and as kings of the Lombards in Italy from 774. In 800, the Frankish king Charlemagne was crowned emperor in Rome by Pope Leo III in an effort to …

Atlanticism, also known as Transatlanticism, is the belief in or support for a close relationship between the peoples and governments in Northern America (the United States and Canada) and those in Europe (the countries of the European Union, the United Kingdom, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, and the European microstates outside the European Union) on political, economic, …

The Five Eyes (FVEY) is an intelligence alliance comprising Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States. These countries are parties to the multilateral UKUSA Agreement, a treaty for joint cooperation in signals intelligence.. The origins of the FVEY can be traced to informal secret meetings during World War II between British and American code …

Western Christianity is a subset of Christianity, originally based on Roman Catholicism (), as opposed to Eastern Orthodoxy – from which it was divided during the Great Schism of the 11th century – and various other non-western Christian movements. Western Christianity itself was divided by the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century, and pronouncedly "Western" forms …

World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers.World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 …