Volksdeutsche ("ethnic Germans") is a historical term which arose in the early 20th century and was used by the Nazis to describe ethnic Germans without German citizenship living outside of the Third Reich, although many had been

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Ethnic Germans are a minority group in many countries. (See Germans, German language, and German as a minority languagefor more extensive numbers and a better sense of where

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From Celtic times the early Germanic tribes settled from the Baltic all the way to the Black Sea until the great migrations of the 4-6th century AD.
Medieval Germans migrated eastwards during the medieval period Ostsiedlung until the

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A visible sign of the geographical extension of the German languageis the German-language media outside the German-speaking

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German nationality law allows dual citizenship with other EU countries and Switzerland; with other countries, it is possible in some cases:

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As of April 2021, German citizens can visit 191 countries without a visa or with visa on arrival. The Henley Passport Indexranks the German passport third

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Note that many of these groups have since migrated elsewhere. This list simply gives the region with which they are associated, and does not include people from countries with German as an official national language, which are:
• Austria,

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