guild wikipedia - EAS
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A guild /ɡɪld/ is an association of artisans and merchants who oversee the practice of their craft/trade in a particular area. The earliest types of guild formed as organizations of tradesmen, belonging to: a professional association, a trade union, a cartel, and/or a secret society. They sometimes
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Xem thêmEarly guild-like associations
Following the unification of the city-states in Assyria and Sumer by Sargon of Akkad into a single empire ruled from his home city circa 2334 BC, common Mesopotamian standards...
Xem thêmProfessional organizations replicate guild structure and operation. Professions such as architecture, engineering, geology, and land surveying require varying lengths of apprenticeships before one can gain a "professional" certification. These certifications hold great
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Xem thêm• In the Dune universe, an organization known as the Spacing Guild controls the means of interstellar travel and thus wields great power.
• In video games, guilds are used as associations of players or characters with similar interests, such as dungeons, crafting, or...
Xem thêm• Emery, Gordon (1994). Curious Chester: Portrait of an English City Over Two Thousand Years. ISBN 978-1-872265-94-0. Gordon Emery, Curious Chester (1999) ISBN 1-872265-94-4
• Picard, Liza (2003). Elizabeth's London: Everyday Life in Elizabethan London....
Xem thêm• Medieval Guilds - World History Encyclopedia
• Agarwal, Ankit (2012). "Development of Economic Organizations and their Role in Human Empowerment during the Gupta Period"....
Xem thêm1. ^ Gies, Joseph; Gies, Frances (1969). Life in a medieval city. ISBN 978-0-213-76379-4. OCLC 70662.
2. ^ Rashdall, Hastings (1895). The Universities of Europe in the Middle Ages: Salerno. Bologna. Paris...
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