Le Grand collisionneur de hadrons [1] (en anglais : Large Hadron Collider — LHC), est un accélérateur de particules mis en fonction en 2008 et situé dans la région frontalière entre la France et la Suisse entre la périphérie nord-ouest de Genève et le pays de Gex ().C'est le plus puissant accélérateur de particules construit à ce jour, a fortiori depuis son amélioration …

A gluon (/ ˈ ɡ l uː ɒ n / GLOO-on) is an elementary particle that acts as the exchange particle (or gauge boson) for the strong force between quarks.It is analogous to the exchange of photons in the electromagnetic force between two charged particles. Gluons bind quarks together, forming hadrons such as protons and neutrons.. Gluons are vector gauge bosons that mediate strong …

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the world's largest and highest-energy particle collider. It was built by the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) between 1998 and 2008 in collaboration with over 10,000 scientists and hundreds of universities and laboratories, as well as more than 100 countries. It lies in a tunnel 27 kilometres (17 mi) in circumference and as deep …

Partons (internal constituents of hadrons) observed in deep inelastic scattering experiments between protons and electrons at SLAC; this was eventually associated with the quark model (predicted by Murray Gell-Mann and George Zweig in 1964) and thus constitutes the discovery of the up quark, down quark, and strange quark. 1974

In physical sciences, a subatomic particle is a particle that composes an atom. According to the Standard Model of particle physics, a subatomic particle can be either a composite particle, which is composed of other particles (for example, a proton, neutron, or meson), or an elementary particle, which is not composed of other particles (for example, an electron, photon, or muon).

Hadrons. A hadron is a composite particle made of quarks held together by the strong force. Hadrons are categorized into two families: baryons (such as protons and neutrons) made of three quarks, and mesons (such as pions) made of one quark and one antiquark. Of the hadrons, protons are stable, and neutrons bound within atomic nuclei are stable.

Propriétés. Comme tous les quarks, le quark up est un fermion.Il s'agit d'un quark de 1 re génération possédant une charge électrique de ⅔ e, le quark le plus léger avec une masse comprise entre 1,5 et 3 MeV.c-2.. Selon le modèle standard, il forme avec le quark down les nucléons ; le proton contient un quark down et deux quarks up, tandis que le neutron contient …

Baryons are hadrons containing an odd number of valence quarks (at least 3). Most well known baryons such as the proton and neutron have three valence quarks, but pentaquarks with five quarks – three quarks of different colors, and also one extra quark-antiquark pair – have also been proven to exist. Because baryons have an odd number of quarks, they are also all fermions, …

Propriétés. L'interaction forte affecte les quarks et les particules constituées de quarks (les hadrons). Elle n'affecte pas les leptons.L'interaction forte affecte en revanche les gluons, ce qui fait d'elle la seule interaction fondamentale à affecter les bosons qui la transportent.En effet, les photons n'ont pas de charge électrique et ne sont donc pas affectés par les champs ...

A quark (/ k w ɔːr k, k w ɑːr k /) is a type of elementary particle and a fundamental constituent of matter.Quarks combine to form composite particles called hadrons, the most stable of which are protons and neutrons, the components of atomic nuclei. All commonly observable matter is composed of up quarks, down quarks and electrons.Owing to a phenomenon known as color …