inbreeding wikipedia - EAS

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    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inbreeding

    Inbreeding is the production of offspring from the mating or breeding of individuals or organisms that are closely related genetically. By analogy, the term is used in human reproduction, but more commonly refers to the genetic disorders and other consequences that may arise from expression of

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    Offspring of biologically related persons are subject to the possible effects of inbreeding, such as congenital birth defects. The chances of such disorders are increased when the biological parents are more closely related. This

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    Autosomal recessive disorders occur in individuals who have two copies of an allele for a particular recessive genetic mutation. Except in certain rare circumstances, such as new mutations or uniparental disomy, both parents of an individual with such a

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    A measure of inbreeding of an individual A is the probability F(A) that both alleles in one locus are derived from the same allele in an ancestor. These two

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    Effects
    Inbreeding increases homozygosity, which can increase the chances of the expression of deleterious

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    Wild animals
    Banded mongoose females regularly mate with their fathers and brothers.
    Bed bugs: North Carolina State University found that bedbugs, in contrast to

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  2. https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inbreeding

    From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Inbreeding is a term in genetics, meaning the crossing (mating) of closely related animals or plants. Self- fertilisation in plants is the most extreme kind of inbreeding. It is quite widespread in plants which carry both male and female flowers on the same plant.

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    • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectual_inbreeding

      Intellectual inbreeding or academic inbreeding is the practice in academia of a university hiring its own graduates to be professors. It is generally viewed as insular and unhealthy for academia. Intellectual inbreeding is thought to hinder the introduction of ideas from outside sources, just as genetic inbreeding hinders the introduction of new genes into a population.
      The Commission on Graduate Education in Economics (COGEE) recognizes it as "a trend for em…

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      What is inbreeding and how does it occur?
      Inbreeding occurs when two closely related organisms mate with each other and produce offspring. The two main negative consequences of inbreeding are an increased risk of undesirable genes and a reduction in genetic diversity. The House of Habsburg may be the best example of the effects of inbreeding in humans.
      www.thoughtco.com/inbreeding-definition-effects-4171861
      What are the differences between inbreeding and out breeding?

      Summary – Inbreeding vs Outbreeding

      1. Monson, Christopher A., and Kirsten C. Sadler. “Inbreeding Depression and Outbreeding Depression Are Evident in Wild-Type Zebrafish Lines.” Zebrafish. ...
      2. “Inbreeding.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 21 May 2017. ...
      3. “Outbreeding depression.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 05 May 2017. ...
      4. “Outbreeding Enhancement (Heterosis).” The Free Dictionary. Farlex, n.d. ...
      www.steadyrun.com/difference-between-inbreeding-and-o…
      Is inbreeding really that bad?
      While inbreeding generally is considered negative, it also offers some positive effects. Key Takeaways Inbreeding occurs when two closely related organisms mate with each other and produce offspring. The two main negative consequences of inbreeding are an increased risk of undesirable genes and a reduction in genetic diversity.
      www.thoughtco.com/inbreeding-definition-effects-4171861
      What are some effects of inbreeding?

      The effect of inbreeding, body size and morphology on health in dog breeds

      • Abstract. Dog breeds are known for their distinctive body shape, size, coat color, head type and behaviors, features that are relatively similar across members of a breed.
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      • Availability of data and materials. ...
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    • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inbreeding_depression
      • Inbreeding depression is the reduced biological fitness in a given population as a result of inbreeding. Population biological fitness refers to an organism's ability to survive and perpetuate its genetic material. Inbreeding depression is often the result of a population bottleneck. In general, the higher the genetic variation or gene pool within ...
      See more on en.wikipedia.org · Text under CC-BY-SA license
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      • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inbreeding_in_fish

        Inbreeding in fish From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Exposure of zebrafish to a chemical environmental agent, analogous to that caused by anthropogenic pollution, amplified the effects of inbreeding on key reproductive traits.

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        • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inbreeding_avoidance

          Inbreeding avoidance, or the inbreeding avoidance hypothesis, is a concept in evolutionary biology that refers to the prevention of the deleterious effects of inbreeding.

        • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coefficient_of_inbreeding

          The coefficient of inbreeding of an individual is the probability that two alleles at any locus in an individual are identical by descent from the common ancestor (s) of the two parents. The coefficient of inbreeding is: The probability that two alleles at a …

        • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog_breeding

          Inbreeding depression is the reduced survival and fertility of offspring of related individuals. A study of 42,855 dachshund litters found that as the inbreeding coefficient increased, litter size decreased and the percentage of stillborn puppies increased, thus …

        • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effective_population_size

          The inbreeding effective number is Coalescent effective size According to the neutral theory of molecular evolution, a neutral allele remains in a population for Ne generations, where Ne is the effective population size. An idealised diploid population will have a pairwise nucleotide diversity equal to 4 Ne, where is the mutation rate.

        • https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inbreeding

          Inbreeding ( anglicky in – uvnitř, breed – plodit) neboli příbuzenská plemenitba je v biologii páření mezi geneticky podobnými jedinci. V přírodě ( přirozený výběr) k němu přirozeně dochází především v menších izolovaných populacích. Páření mezi příbuznými jedinci využívá člověk jako jednu ze šlechtitelských metod umělého výběru.



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