The gens (plural gentes) was a Roman family, of Italic or Etruscan origins, consisting of all those individuals who shared the same nomen and claimed descent from a common ancestor. It was an important social and legal structure in early Roman history. The distinguishing characteristic of a gens was the nomen gentilicium, or gentile name.Every member of a gens, whether by birth or …

The Roman deities most widely known today are those the Romans identified with Greek counterparts (see interpretatio graeca), integrating Greek myths, iconography, and sometimes religious practices into Roman culture, including Latin literature, Roman art, and religious life as it was experienced throughout the Empire.Many of the Romans' own gods remain obscure, …

Roman Empire period . 15th century reconstruction of Ptolemy's map. Periplus of the Erythraean Sea; Strabo (64 BC - 24 AD) Pomponius Mela (fl. 40s AD) Isidore of Charax (1st century AD) Mucianus (1st century AD) Pliny the Elder (23-79 AD), Natural History; Marinus of …

The following is a List of Roman wars and battles fought by the ancient Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and Roman Empire against external enemies, organized by date. For civil wars, revolts and rebellions, see List of Roman civil wars and revolts 8th century BC. The city of Rome in 753 BC. Wars with the ...

This is a list of Roman army units and bureaucrats.. Accensus – Light infantry men in the armies of the early Roman Republic, made up of the poorest men of the army.; Actuarius – A military who served food.; Adiutor – A camp or headquarters adjutant or assistant.; Aeneator – Military musician such as a bugler.; Agrimensor – A surveyor (a type of immunes).

Traditionally, a breakfast called ientaculum was served at dawn. At mid-day to early afternoon, Romans ate cena, the main meal of the day, and at nightfall a light supper called vesperna. With the increased importation of foreign foods, the cena grew larger in size and included a wider range of foods. Thus, it gradually shifted to the evening, while the vesperna was abandoned …

A Roman governor was an official either elected or appointed to be the chief administrator of Roman law throughout one or more of the many provinces constituting the Roman Empire.. The generic term in Roman legal language was Rector provinciae, regardless of the specific titles, which also reflects the province's intrinsic and strategic status, and corresponding differences …

The Roman calendar was the calendar used by the Roman Kingdom and Roman Republic.The term often includes the Julian calendar established by the reforms of the dictator Julius Caesar and emperor Augustus in the late 1st century BC and sometimes includes any system dated by inclusive counting towards months' kalends, nones, and ides in the Roman manner. The term …

The Romans constructed aqueducts throughout their Republic and later Empire, to bring water from outside sources into cities and towns.Aqueduct water supplied public baths, latrines, fountains, and private households; it also supported mining operations, milling, farms, and gardens.. Aqueducts moved water through gravity alone, along a slight overall downward …

The legacy of the Roman Empire has been varied and significant, comparable to that of other hegemonic polities of world history (e.g. Persian Empire, ancient Egypt or imperial China).. The Roman Empire, itself built upon the legacy of other cultures, has had long-lasting influence with broad geographical reach on a great range of cultural aspects, including state institutions, law, …