Maṇḍala is a Sanskrit word meaning 'circle'. The mandala is a model for describing the patterns of diffuse political power distributed among Mueang or Kedatuan (principalities) in early Southeast Asian history, when local power was more important than the central leadership.The concept of the mandala balances modern tendencies to look for unified political power, eg. …

In Hinduism, a basic mandala, also called a yantra, takes the form of a square with four gates containing a circle with a center point.Each gate is in the general shape of a T. Mandalas often have radial balance. A yantra is similar to a mandala, usually smaller and using a more limited colour palette. It may be a two- or three-dimensional geometric composition used in sadhanas, …

The term East Asian cultural sphere defines the common cultural sphere of China, Japan, North Korea, South Korea in East Asia and Vietnam in Southeast Asia. Ethnic and linguistic similarities, shared artistic traditions, written language and moral values suggest that most East Asian people are descendants of the Yellow River civilization, that emerged in the flood plains of northern …

An ebook (short for electronic book), also known as an e-book or eBook, is a book publication made available in digital form, consisting of text, images, or both, readable on the flat-panel display of computers or other electronic devices. Although sometimes defined as "an electronic version of a printed book", some e-books exist without a printed equivalent.

The political relations and system relating to its realms is described as a mandala model, typical of that of classical Southeast Asian Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms. It could be described as federation of kingdoms or vassalised polity under a centre of domination, namely the central Kadatuan Srivijaya.

There are many sites in present-day Thailand dating to the Bronze (1500–500 BCE) and Iron Ages (500 BCE-500 CE). The site of Ban Chiang (around Udon Thani Province) currently ranks as the earliest known center of copper and bronze production in Southeast Asia and has been dated to around 2,000 years BCE. Thailand also participated in the Maritime Jade Road, which …

Asia (/ ˈ eɪ ʒ ə / (), also UK: / ˈ eɪ ʃ ə /) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa.Its 4.7 billion people constitute roughly 60% of the world's population.. In general terms, Asia is bounded on the east by the ...

James C. Scott (born December 2, 1936) is an American political scientist and anthropologist specializing in comparative politics.He is a comparative scholar of agrarian and non-state societies, subaltern politics, and anarchism.His primary research has centered on peasants of Southeast Asia and their strategies of resistance to various forms of domination.

Siddhārtha Gautama (5th cent. BCE) was the historical founder of Buddhism.The early sources state he was born in the small Shakya (Pali: Sakya) Republic, which was part of the Kosala realm of ancient India, now in modern-day Nepal. He is thus also known as the Shakyamuni (literally: "The sage of the Shakya clan").. The Early Buddhist Texts contain no continuous life of the …

India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: Bhārat Gaṇarājya), is a country in South Asia.It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the …