Early history and foundation
Aboriginal Australians have lived in the Melbourne area for at least 40,000 years. When European settlers arrived in the 19th century, at least 20,000 Kulin peoplefrom three distinct language

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Melbourne is in the southeastern part of mainland Australia, within the state of Victoria. Geologically, it is built on the confluence of Quaternary lava flows to the west, Silurian mudstones to the east, and Holocene sand accumulation to the southeast along

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Melbourne's urban area is approximately 2,453 km , slightly larger than that of London and Mexico City, while its metropolitan area is 9,993 km (3,858 sq mi)–larger than Jakarta (at 7,063 km ), but smaller than New York City (at 11,875 km ). The

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Often referred to as Australia's cultural capital, Melbourne is recognised globally as a centre of sport, music, theatre, comedy, art, literature, film and television. For much of the 2010s, it

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On the back of the 1850s gold rush and 1880s land boom, Melbourne became renowned as one of the world's great Victorian-era cities, a

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Melbourne has a highly diversified economy with particular strengths in finance, manufacturing, research, IT, education, logistics,

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As of June 2020, the population of the Melbourne metropolitan area was 5,159,211. This marks an increase of 80,088 from the previous year.
Although Victoria's net interstate migration has fluctuated, the population of the Melbourne statistical

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