A nucleosome is the basic structural unit of DNA packaging in eukaryotes.The structure of a nucleosome consists of a segment of DNA wound around eight histone proteins and resembles thread wrapped around a spool. The nucleosome is the fundamental subunit of chromatin.Each nucleosome is composed of a little less than two turns of DNA wrapped around a set of eight …

A histone octamer is the eight-protein complex found at the center of a nucleosome core particle.It consists of two copies of each of the four core histone proteins (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4).The octamer assembles when a tetramer, containing two copies of H3 and two of H4, complexes with two H2A/H2B dimers.Each histone has both an N-terminal tail and a C-terminal …

Anti-centromere antibodies are associated with limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis, also known as CREST syndrome, primary biliary cirrhosis and proximal scleroderma. There are six known antigens, which are all associated with the centromere; CENP-A to CENP-F. CENP-A is a 17kDa histone H3-like protein.CENP-B is an 80kDa DNA binding protein involved in the folding of …

Le nucléosome est un complexe comportant un segment d’ADN de 146 ou 147 paires de nucléotides, enroulé autour d'un cœur formé de protéines (les histones) [1].Chez les eucaryotes, le nucléosome constitue l’unité de base d'organisation de la chromatine.Il représente le premier niveau de compaction de l’ADN dans le noyau, on compare souvent sa géométrie à celle d'un …

The HL-60 cell line is a human leukemia cell line that has been used for laboratory research on blood cell formation and physiology. HL-60 proliferates continuously in suspension culture in nutrient and antibiotic chemicals. The doubling time is about 36–48 hours. The cell line was derived from a 36-year-old woman who was originally reported to have acute promyelocytic …

ChIP-sequencing, also known as ChIP-seq, is a method used to analyze protein interactions with DNA.ChIP-seq combines chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) with massively parallel DNA sequencing to identify the binding sites of DNA-associated proteins. It can be used to map global binding sites precisely for any protein of interest. Previously, ChIP-on-chip was the most …

A year later, she published a paper describing the opposing effects of H1 and HMGB1 on the nucleosome. Histone H1 was shown to stabilize the structure by winding two turns of linker DNA around the octamer while HMGB1 destabilized the nucleosome by bending adjacent DNA.

Nucleosome replication. Conservative reassembly of core H3/H4 nucleosome behind the replication fork. Free histones produced by the cell during S-phase are rapidly incorporated into new nucleosomes. This process is closely tied to the replication fork, occurring immediately in “front” and “behind” the replication complex.

The basic structural unit of chromatin is the nucleosome: this consists of the core octamer of histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4) as well as a linker histone and about 180 base pairs of DNA. These core histones are rich in lysine and arginine residues. The carboxyl (C) terminal end of these histones contribute to histone-histone interactions, as ...

The centromere links a pair of sister chromatids together during cell division. This constricted region of chromosome connects the sister chromatids, creating a short arm (p) and a long arm (q) on the chromatids. During mitosis, spindle fibers attach to the centromere via the kinetochore.. The physical role of the centromere is to act as the site of assembly of the kinetochores – a …