Tmutarakan (Russian: Тмутарака́нь, IPA: [tmʊtərɐˈkanʲ], Adyghe: Тамтаркъей, romanized: Tamtarqey; Ukrainian: Тмуторокань, romanized: Tmutorokan) was a medieval Kievan Rus' principality and trading town that controlled the Cimmerian Bosporus, the passage from the Black Sea to the Sea of Azov, between the late 10th and 11th centuries.

Hungarian prehistory (Hungarian: magyar őstörténet) spans the period of history of the Hungarian people, or Magyars, which started with the separation of the Hungarian language from other Finno-Ugric or Ugric languages around 800 BC, and ended with the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin around 895 AD.Based on the earliest records of the Magyars in …

The Zakarpattia Oblast has a total area of 12,800 km 2 (4,942 sq mi) and is located on southwestern slopes and foothills of the Carpathian Mountains covering around 80% of area in the region. The rest of the region is covered by the Transcarpathian Lowland which is part of the Pannonian plain.Zakarpattia is the only Ukrainian oblast to have boundaries with four …

The Pontic–Caspian steppe, formed by the Caspian steppe and the Pontic steppe, is the steppeland stretching from the northern shores of the Black Sea (the Pontus Euxinus of antiquity) to the northern area around the Caspian Sea.It extends from Dobruja in the northeastern corner of Bulgaria and southeastern Romania, through Moldova and southern and eastern Ukraine, …

The Eurasian Steppe, also simply called the Great Steppe or the steppes, is the vast steppe ecoregion of Eurasia in the temperate grasslands, savannas and shrublands biome.It stretches through Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova and Transnistria, Ukraine, Western Russia, Siberia, Kazakhstan, Xinjiang, Mongolia and Manchuria, with one major exclave, the …

The Kuzari takes place during a conversion of some Khazar nobility to Judaism. The historicity of this event is debated. The Khazar Correspondence, along with other historical documents, are said to indicate a conversion of the Khazar nobility to Judaism.A minority of scholars, among them Moshe Gil and Shaul Stampfer have challenged the documents claim to represent a real …

Old Great Bulgaria or Great Bulgaria (Medieval Greek: Παλαιά Μεγάλη Βουλγαρία, Palaiá Megálē Voulgaría), also often known by the Latin names Magna Bulgaria and Patria Onoguria ("Onogur land"), was a 7th-century nomadic empire formed by the Onogur Bulgars on the western Pontic–Caspian steppe (modern southern Ukraine and southwest Russia).

Bulan was a Khazar king who led the conversion of the Khazars to Judaism.His name means "elk" or "hart" in Old Turkic.The date of his reign is unknown, as the date of the conversion is hotly disputed, though it is certain that Bulan reigned some …

The Pannonian Avars (/ ˈ æ v ɑːr z /) were an alliance of several groups of Eurasian nomads of various origins. The peoples were also known as the Obri in chronicles of Rus, the Abaroi or Varchonitai (Greek: Βαρχονίτες, romanized: Varchonítes), or Pseudo-Avars in Byzantine sources, and the Apar (Old Turkic: ????????) to the Göktürks (Kultegin Inscription: Apar - Avars were ...

Amongst the modern religions, Hungarian mythology is closest to the cosmology of Uralic peoples. In Hungarian myth, the world is divided into three spheres: the first is the Upper World (Felső világ), the home of the gods; the second is the Middle World (Középső világ) or world we know, and finally the underworld (Alsó világ).In the center of the world stands a tall tree: the …