WebThe philosophy of self examines the idea of the self at a conceptual level. Many different ideas on what constitutes the self have been proposed, including the self being an activity, the self being independent of the senses, the bundle theory of the self, the self as a narrative center of gravity, and the self as a syntactic construct rather than an entity.

WebNatural science is one of the branches of science concerned with the description, understanding and prediction of natural phenomena, based on empirical evidence from observation and experimentation.Mechanisms such as peer review and repeatability of findings are used to try to ensure the validity of scientific advances.. Natural science can …

WebThe word science has been used in Middle English since the 14th century in the sense of "the state of knowing". The word was borrowed from the Anglo-Norman language as the suffix -cience, which was borrowed from the Latin word scientia, meaning "knowledge, awareness, understanding".It is a noun derivative of the Latin sciens meaning "knowing", …

WebAgency is the capacity of an actor to act in a given environment. It is independent of the moral dimension, which is called moral agency.. In sociology, an agent is an individual engaging with the social structure.Notably, though, the primacy of social structure vs. individual capacity with regard to persons' actions is debated within sociology. This …

WebCommensurability is a concept in the philosophy of science whereby scientific theories are said to be "commensurable" if scientists can discuss the theories using a shared nomenclature that allows direct comparison of them to determine which one is more valid or useful.On the other hand, theories are incommensurable if they are embedded in starkly …

WebAn accident (Greek συμβεβηκός), in metaphysics and philosophy, is a property that the entity or substance has contingently, without which the substance can still retain its identity.An accident does not affect its essence. It does not mean an "accident" as used in common speech, a chance incident, normally harmful.Examples of accidents are color, …

WebEssentialism is the view that objects have a set of attributes that are necessary to their identity. In early Western thought, Plato's idealism held that all things have such an "essence"—an "idea" or "form".In Categories, Aristotle similarly proposed that all objects have a substance that, as George Lakoff put it, "make the thing what it is, and without …

WebIn the 19th century, the philosophers of the 18th-century Enlightenment began to have a dramatic effect on subsequent developments in philosophy.In particular, the works of Immanuel Kant gave rise to a new generation of German philosophers and began to see wider recognition internationally. Also, in a reaction to the Enlightenment, a movement …

WebIn biology, an organ is a collection of tissues joined in a structural unit to serve a common function. In the hierarchy of life, an organ lies between tissue and an organ system.Tissues are formed from same type cells to act together in a function. Tissues of different types combine to form an organ which has a specific function. The intestinal wall for example is …

WebThe Apollonian and the Dionysian are philosophical and literary concepts represented by a duality between the figures of Apollo and Dionysus from Greek mythology.Its popularization is widely attributed to the work The Birth of Tragedy by Friedrich Nietzsche, though the terms had already been in use prior to this, such as in the writings of poet Friedrich …