Etymology. The term polyphyly, or polyphyletic, derives from the two Ancient Greek words, πολύς (polús), meaning "many, a lot of", and φῦλον (phûlon), meaning "genus, species", and refers to the fact that a polyphyletic group includes organisms (e.g., genera, species) arising from multiple ancestral sources.. Conversely, the term monophyly, or monophyletic, builds on …

Xenarthra (/ z ɛ ˈ n ɑːr θ r ə /; from Ancient Greek ξένος, xénos, "foreign, alien" + ἄρθρον, árthron, "joint") is a major clade of placental mammals native to the Americas.There are 31 living species: the anteaters, tree sloths, and armadillos. Extinct xenarthrans include the glyptodonts, pampatheres and ground sloths.Xenarthrans originated in South America during the late ...

Formal theory. Formally, a string is a finite, ordered sequence of characters such as letters, digits or spaces. The empty string is the special case where the sequence has length zero, so there are no symbols in the string.

Liver fluke is a collective name of a polyphyletic group of parasitic trematodes under the phylum Platyhelminthes. They are principally parasites of the liver of various mammals, including humans.Capable of moving along the blood circulation, they can occur also in bile ducts, gallbladder, and liver parenchyma.In these organs, they produce pathological lesions leading …

The turacos make up the bird family Musophagidae (/ ˌ m j uː z oʊ ˈ f æ dʒ ɪ d iː / "banana-eaters"), which includes plantain-eaters and go-away-birds.In southern Africa both turacos and go-away-birds are commonly known as loeries.They are semi-zygodactylous: the fourth (outer) toe can be switched back and forth.The second and third toes, which always point forward, are …

Etymology. The word "badger", originally applied to the European badger (Meles meles), comes from earlier bageard (16th century), presumably referring to the white mark borne like a badge on its forehead. Similarly, a now archaic synonym was bauson 'badger' (1375), a variant of bausond 'striped, piebald', from Old French bausant, baucent 'id.'. ...

Bacterial taxonomy is the taxonomy, i.e. the rank-based classification, of bacteria.. In the scientific classification established by Carl Linnaeus, each species has to be assigned to a genus (binary nomenclature), which in turn is a lower level of a hierarchy of ranks (family, suborder, order, subclass, class, division/phyla, kingdom and domain).

In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being a clade—that is, a group of taxa composed only of a common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population) and all of its lineal descendants.Monophyletic groups are typically characterised by shared derived characteristics (synapomorphies), which distinguish organisms in the clade from other …

The Lamiaceae (/ ˌ l eɪ m i ˈ eɪ s i. iː,-aɪ / LAY-mee-AY-see-ee, -⁠eye) or Labiatae are a family of flowering plants commonly known as the mint or deadnettle or sage family. Many of the plants are aromatic in all parts and include widely used culinary herbs like basil, mint, rosemary, sage, savory, marjoram, oregano, hyssop, thyme, lavender, and perilla, as well as other medicinal ...

An edible seed is a seed that is suitable for human or animal consumption. Of the six major plant parts, seeds are the dominant source of human calories and protein. A wide variety of plant species provide edible seeds; most are angiosperms, while a few are gymnosperms.As a global food source, the most important edible seeds by weight are cereals, followed by legumes, nuts, …