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  1. Adrian IV (Latin: Hadrianus Quartus; c. 1100 – 1 September 1159), born Nicholas Breakspear or Breakspeare, was Pope from 1154 to 1159. Breakspear was an English priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 170th Pope. He is the only Englishman ever to have been Pope.
    Papacy began: 4 December 1154
    Papacy ended: 1 September 1159
    Predecessor: Pope Anastasius IV
    Successor: Pope Alexander III
    simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Adrian_IV
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    What was Pope Adrian IV's real name?
    "Adrian IV [Real Name Nicholas Breakspear] (d. 1159), Pope". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi: 10.1093/ref:odnb/173. Archived from the original on 16 March 2020. Retrieved 16 March 2020. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.) Schaff, P. (1994).
    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Adrian_IV
    When did Pope Adrian 1 die?
    Jump to navigation Jump to search. Pope from 772 to 795. Pope Adrian I (Latin: Hadrianus I; died 25 December 795) was Bishop of Rome and ruler of the Papal States from 1 February 772 to his death in 795.
    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Adrian_I
    What did Pope Adrian IV do for England?
    The rota of Pope Adrian IV. The two top quarters contain Petrus and Paulus respectively (for the saints), while the bottom two show the Pope's name (in this case as ADRI–ANUS) and his regnal number. Probably Adrian's "most striking" donation to England, however, was the Papal Bull Laudabiliter of 1155.
    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Adrian_IV
    Why was Pope Adrian IV not consecrated?
    He was one of the few popes of his era who did not need consecrating on his election, as he was already a bishop. According to Boso, Breakspear had to be forced "against his will" into the Papal throne. He took the name Adrian IV, possibly in honour of Adrian I, who revered St Alban and first granted the abbey of that name its privileges.
    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Adrian_IV
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    Pope Adrian IV - Wikipedia

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Adrian_IV

    Pope Adrian IV (Latin: Adrianus IV; born Nicholas Breakspear (or Brekespear); c. 1100 – 1 September 1159, also Hadrian IV), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 4 December 1154 to his death in 1159. He is the only Englishman to have been pope so far. Adrian was

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    The son of Richard Breakspear, his family was a relatively humble one. The exact year of his birth is unknown but he was probably around 55 years old on his election. Little is known of his background, and that which is,

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    Discussing the broader political context of the time, the historian Anne Duggan argues that "the Pope was not master of his own house". Likewise, Walter Ullmann has argued that the age was a radical one, in which the temporal power—specifically, the "educated lay

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    It was Breakspear's being "in the right place at the right time", suggests the Papal librarian Bradford Lee Eden, that led to his election as pope on

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    Barbarossa had received the Iron Crown of Lombardy—as King of Italy—in Pavia, but also wished to receive his Imperial Crownfrom the Pope. Adrian

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    Probably as a result, he responded positively to overtures from the Byzantine Emperor Manuel I, and also the native barons of Southern Italy,

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    By 1157, suggests Whalen, having secured the border with the south (by his alliance with Sicily) and the commune as peaceful as it had been for some

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    Due to Arnold's presence in Rome, there were a number of acts of religious significance that it was impossible to perform, such as the ceremony of the sede stercoraria, the physical claiming of the curule seatsof Saints Peter and Paul. Soon after Adrian's election, a

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  4. Pope Adrian IV - Simple English Wikipedia, the free ...

    https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Adrian_IV
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    Breakspear was born near St. Albans in Hertfordshire in England. His father was Robert, who later became a monk at St Albans Abbey. Nicholas himself, however, was not yet to attend the monastery. He was told by the Abbot to 'wait to go on with his schooling so that he might be considered more suitable' (Abbey chronicles). H…
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  5. Pope Adrian IV - Wikipedia

    https://wiki-mirror.cla.umn.edu/wiki/Pope_Adrian_IV

    The election of Adrian IV as Pope, comments the papal scholar Ian S. Robinson—and, indeed, the elections of his immediate predecessors—"took place …

  6. Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Pope Adrian IV - Wikisource ...

    https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Pope_Adrian_IV

    21/06/2018 · Adrian IV, Pope, b. 1100 (?); d. 1 September, 1159. Very little is known about the birthplace, parentage, or boyhood of Adrian. Yet, as is usual in such cases, very various, and sometimes very circumstantial, accounts have reached us about him. Our only reliable information we owe to two writers, Cardinal Boso and John of Salisbury.

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    • Pope Adrian IV - WikiMili, The Best Wikipedia Reader

      https://wikimili.com/en/Pope_Adrian_IV

      Pope Adrian IV - WikiMili. Pope Adrian IV (Latin: Adrianus IV ; born Nicholas Breakspear (or Brekespear); c. 1100 – 1 September 1159, also Hadrian IV), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 4 December 1154 to his death in 1159. He is the only Englishman to have been pope.

    • Adrien IV — Wikipédia

      https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrien_IV
      • En 1145, Nicolas rejoint la cour pontificale[3]. Avant 1150, Eugène III le fait cardinal d'Albano et l'envoie comme légat en Scandinavie[3]. En 1153, Nicolas promulgue une série de constitutions qui fixent le cadre de l'Église de Norvège. Il l'organise sur un modèle romain : la même année, il constitue la province ecclésiastique de Norvège, avec Nidaros (actuelle Trondheim) comme mét…
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    • Papa Adriano IV – Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre

      https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Adriano_IV

      Esta caixa: ver. discutir. Papa Adriano IV, OSA (nascido Nicolau de Breakspear ou Nicholas Breakspear; inglês, nascido perto de Saint Albans, ca. 1100 — 1 de setembro de 1159), foi o 169° papa da Igreja Católica de 4 de dezembro de 1154 até à data da sua morte. Adriano IV foi o único inglês a ocupar a cadeira papal.

    • Pope Adrian IV Facts for Kids | KidzSearch.com

      https://wiki.kidzsearch.com/wiki/Pope_Adrian_IV
      • Cardinal Breakspear was elected pope on 3 December 1154. He chose the name Adrian IV. He at once tried to bring down Arnold of Brescia, the leader of the anti-papal faction in Rome. Disorder in the city led to the murder of a cardinal. Adrian, shortly before Palm Sunday 1155, took the step of putting Rome under interdict. The Senate (City Council of Rome) then exiledArnold. Pope Adri…
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    • Pope Adrian I - Wikipedia

      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Adrian_I

      Pope Adrian I (Latin: Hadrianus I; died 25 December 795) was the bishop of Rome and ruler of the Papal States from 1 February 772 to his death. He was the son of Theodore, a Roman nobleman.
      Adrian and his predecessors had to contend with periodic attempts by the Lombards to expand their holdings in Italy at the expense of the papacy. Not receiving any support from Constantinople, the popes looked for help to the Franks. Adrian's tenure saw the culmination of …

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    • Pope Adrian I - Simple English Wikipedia, the free ...

      https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Adrian_I

      Other popes named Adrian. Adrian I (c. 700 – 25 December 795) was Pope from 772 until his death in 795. Soon after he became pope, there was a threat from Desiderius, king of the Lombards. Adrian was forced to ask Charlemagne for help. In …

      • Successor: Leo III
      • Papacy ended: 25 December 795
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