In almost all states with a presidential system of government, the president exercises the functions of head of state and head of government, i.e. the president directs the executive branch of government.When a president is not only head of state, but also head of government, this is known in Europe as a President of the Council (from the French Président du Conseil), used …

This is a list of presidents of the Russian Federation after 1992. The institution of presidency in Russia was planned in 1918 after the February Revolution and was introduced after the referendum in 1991. During the Soviet period of history Russia was de-jure headed by collective bodies such as All-Russian Central Executive Committee and the Presidium of the Supreme …